Unit 5: Lower Extremity Muscles (Hip and Thigh)

Question 1

Action:
-With the origin fixed, flex the hip
-With the insertion fixed, flex the trunk toward the thigh
-With the insertion fixed, tilt pelvis anteriorly
Origin:
-bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion:
-Lesser trochanter

Answer 1

psoas major

Question 2

Action:
-Assist to create lordotic curvature in the lumbar spine
-Tilt pelvis posteriorly
Origin:
-Body and transverse process of first lumbar vertebra
Insertion:
-Superior ramus of pubis

Answer 2

psoas minor

Question 3

Action:
-With the origin fixed, flex the hip
-With the insertion fixed, flex the trunk toward the thigh
-With the insertion fixed, tilt pelvis posteriorly
Origin:
-iliac fossa
Insertion:
-lesser trochanter

Answer 3

iliacus

Question 4

Action:
-Flex the hip
-Medially rotate the hip
-Abduct the hip
Origin:
-Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS
Insertion:
-Iliotibial tract

Answer 4

tensor fasciae latae

Question 5

Action:
-Flex the hip
-Laterally rotate the hip
-Abduct the hip
-Flex the knee
-Medially rotate the flexed knee
Origin:
-Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion:
-Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at per anserinus tendon

Answer 5

sartorius

Question 6

Action:
-All fibers extend, laterally rotate, and abduct the hip
-Lower fibers adduct the hip
Origin:
-Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
Insertion:
-Iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity

Answer 6

gluteus maximus

Question 7

Action:
-All fibers abduct the hip
-Anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the hip
-Posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate the hip
Origin:
-Gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest
Insertion:
-Lateral aspect of greater trochanter

Answer 7

gluteus medius

Question 8

Action:
-Abduct the hip
-Medially rotate the hip
-Flex the hip
Origin:
-Gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion:
-Anterior aspect of greater trochanter

Answer 8

gluteus minimus

Question 9

Action:
-Laterally rotate the hip
-Abduct the hip when the hip is flexed
Origin:
-Anterior surface of sacrum
Insertion:
-Superior aspect of greater trochanter

Answer 9

piriformis

Question 10

Action:
-Laterally rotate the hip
Origin:
-Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
-Intertrochanteric crest, between the greater and lesser trochanters

Answer 10

quadratus femoris

Question 11

Action:
-Laterally rotate the hip
Origin:
-Obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen
Insertion:
-Medial surface of greater trochanter

Answer 11

obturator internus

Question 12

Action:
-Laterally rotate the hip
Origin:
-Rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane
Insertion:
-Trochanteric fossa of femur

Answer 12

obturator externus

Question 13

Action:
-Laterally rotate the hip
Origin:
-Ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
-Medial surface of greater trochanter

Answer 13

gemellus superior

Question 14

Action:
-Laterally rotate the hip
Origin:
-Ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
-Medial surface of greater trochanter

Answer 14

gemellus inferior

Question 15

Action:
-Adduct the hip
-Medially rotate the hip
-posterior fibers extend the hip
Origin:
-Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
-Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

Answer 15

adductor magnus

Question 16

Action:
-adduct the hip
-medially rotate the hip
Origin:
-Superior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
-Pectineal line of femur

Answer 16

pectineus

Question 17

Action:
-adduct the hip
-medially rotate the hip
-flex the knee
-medially rotate the flexed knee
Origin:
-inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
-proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pet anserinus tendon

Answer 17

gracilis

Question 18

Action:
-Adduct the hip
-Medially rotate the hip
Origin:
-Pubic tubercle
Insertion:
-Medial lip of linea aspera

Answer 18

adductor longus

Question 19

Action:
-Adduct the hip
-Medially rotate the hip
Origin:
-Inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
-Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

Answer 19

adductor brevis

Question 20

Action:
-Flex the knee
-Laterally rotate the flexed knee
-Long head: extend the hip
-Tilt pelvis posteriorly
Origin:
-Long head, ischial tuberosity
-Short head, lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion:
-Head of the fibula

Answer 20

biceps femoris

Question 21

Action:
-flex the knee
-medially rotate the flexed knee
-extend the hip
-tilt pelvis posteriorly
Origin:
-Ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
-Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at per anserinus tendon

Answer 21

semitendinosus

Question 22

Action:
-Flex the knee
-Medially rotate the flexed knee
-Extend the hip
-Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
Origin:
-Ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
-Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

Answer 22

semimembranosus

Question 23

Action:
-Extend the knee
-Flex the hip
Origin:
-Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion:
-Tibial tuberosity

Answer 23

rectus femoris

Question 24

Action:
-Extend the knee
Origin:
-Anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
Insertion:
-Tibial tuberosity

Answer 24

vastus intermedius

Question 25

Action:
-Extend the knee
Origin:
-Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
Insertion:
-Tibial tuberosity

Answer 25

vastus lateralis

Question 26

Action:
-Extend the knee
Origin:
-Medial lip of linea aspera
Insertion:
-Tibial tuberosity

Answer 26

vastus medialis