Unit 4: Upper Extremity Muscles (Shoulder and Upper Arm) Flashcards
Action:
-Unilaterally elevate the scapula
-Unilaterally, downwardly rotate the scapula
-Unilaterally, laterally flex the head and neck
-Unilaterally, rotate the head and neck to the same side
-Bilaterally extend the head and neck
Origin:
-Transverse processes of first through fourth cervical vertebrae
Insertion:
-Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula
levator scapula
Action:
-Upper fibers bilaterally extend the head and neck
-Upper fibers unilaterally, laterally flex the head and neck to the same side
-Upper fibers unilaterally, rotate the head and neck to the opposite side
-Upper fibers unilaterally, elevate the scapula
-Upper fibers unilaterally, upwardly rotate the scapula
-Middle fibers adduct and stabilize the scapula
-Lower fibers depress and upwardly rotate the scapula
Origin:
-External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentous nuchal and spinous processes of C7-T12
Insertion:
-Lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
trapezius
upper trapezius
middle trapezius
lower trapezius
Action:
-Depress the scapula
-Abduct the scapula
-Downwardly rotate the scapula
Origin:
-Third, fourth and fifth ribs
Insertion:
-Medial surface of coracoid process of the scapula
pectoralis minor
Action:
-Adduct the scapula
-Elevate the scapula
-Downwardly rotate the scapula
Origin:
-Spinous processes of T2-T5
Insertion:
-Medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
rhomboid major
Action:
-Adduct the scapula
-Elevate the scapula
-Downwardly rotate the scapula
Origin:
-Spinous processes of C7-T1
Insertion:
-Upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from spine of the scapula
rhomboid minor
Action:
-With the origin fixed, abduct the scapula
-With the origin fixed, upwardly rotate the scapula
-With the origin fixed, depress the scapula
-With the origin fixed, hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage
-With the scapula fixed, may act to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation
Origin:
-External surfaces of upper eight or nine ribs
Insertion:
-Anterior surface of medial border of the scapula
serratus anterior
Action:
-Depress the clavicle and draw it anteriorly
-Elevate first rib
-Stabilize the sternoclavicular joint
Origin:
-First rib and cartilage
Insertion:
-Inferior surface of middle one-third of clavicle
subclavius
Action:
-All fibers, adduct the shoulder
-All fibers, medially rotate the shoulder
-Upper fibers, flex the shoulder
-Upper fibers, horizontally adduct the shoulder
-Lower fibers, extend the shoulder
Origin:
-Medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of first through sixth ribs
Insertion:
Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
pectoralis major
Action:
-All fibers, abduct the shoulder
-Anterior fibers, flex, medially rotate, and horizontally adduct the shoulder
-Posterior fibers, extend, laterally rotate, and horizontally abduct the shoulder
Origin:
-Lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
Insertion:
-Deltoid tuberosity
deltoid
anterior deltoid
middle deltoid
posterior deltoid