Unit 5: Bacteria Flashcards
What are archaebacteria called that live in environments with no oxygen?
methanogens
What are disease causing bacteria referred as?
parasitic or pathogenic
Where is the DNA in a bacterium found?
within the cytoplasm
Which type of genetic recombination is this?
conjugation
What shape bacteria are these?
cocci
What are archaebacteria called that live in extremely salty environments?
extreme halophiles
What connects two bacteria together during conjugation?
sex pilus
Eubacterians have unique cell walls in that they contain a layer of….
peptidoglycan
Prior to binary fission what must occur within the bacterium?
DNA replication
What bacterial appendage allows it to stick to door handles?
pili
During transformation, what is the DNA fragment called?
Plasmid
How many DNA molecules do bacteria have?
1
circular
What are the two prokaryotic kingdoms?
archaebacteria and eubacteria
What is the niche of eubacteria within our biosphere?
Decompose organic matter and return the nutrients to the environment.
Where does the foreign DNA come from during the following type of genetic recombination
bacteriophage
(this is transduction)
How are the cell membranes different between the two bacterial kingdoms?
eubacteria- may have two cell membranes
arachaebacteria have special lipids that withstand the harsh conditions of their environment.
What is the only organelle that bacteria contain?
Ribosomes
rRNA
What is the asexual reproductive process called that bacteria go through to make identical daughter cells?
Binary Fission
During transformation, what transport process provides the means for how the DNA will enter the bacterium?
phagocytosis
When bacteria go through repetitive binary fission and grow in clumps, those clumps are known as
colonies
What is the niche of archaebacteria?
play a role in the creation of natural gas either in the Earth’s crust or within the digestive tracts of animals.
What shape bacteria are these?
bacilli
What are archaebacteria called that live in environments that are extremely hot and acidic?
thermoacidophiles
What can be taken to kill or treat a bacterial infection?
antibiotics
