Unit 2: Cell Cycle Flashcards
How do chromosomes line up during metaphse?
In a single file line
What returns during telophase?
- Nuclei
- Nucleoli
During anaphase, when the sister chromatids detach and move to opposite poles of the cell, what are the DNA molecules now called?
daughter chromomsomes
Which phase is also known as the away phase?
Anaphase
Which phase is known as the middle phase?
metaphase
What are the three main phases of the cell cycle?
- Interphase
- M phase (mitosis)
- C phase (cytokinesis)
Which form of DNA is long and thin?
Chromatin
What splits at the beginning of anaphase?
centromeres
What disappears during prophase of mitosis?
Nucleus
and
nucleolus
What happens to the DNA during telophase?
Uncondenses/unwinds back into the chromatin long and thin form?
During which phase of interphase does the DNA get copied?
S phase
What moves the chromosomes to the equator during metaphase?
spindle fibers
Which phase of mitosis takes the longest and why?
Prophase because the DNA has to condense into the chromosome form.
What does the DNA coil around to form a sister chromatid?
histone proteins
What is the cell called at the beginning of the cell cycle?
Parent Cell
Describe the activity of the centrioles during prophase
- Migrate to opposite poles of the cell.
- grow spindle fibers
During which phase of interphase are the organelles doubled?
G2 phase
During which phase of mitosis does DNA turn into the chromatin form?
Telophase
What type of cells go through the cell cycle?
Somatic cell
or
diploid cells
During which phase of the cell cycle does the nucleus divide into two?
M phase or mitosis
During which phase of mitosis do the DNA molecules form chromosomes?
Prophase
Which form of DNA is condensed?
Chromosome
What is each half of a chromosome called?
sister chromatid
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell split into two daughter cells?
C phase or cytokinesis
What is the center of the cell also known as?
- Equator
- Equatorial plate
- Metaphase plate
What are the cells called at the conclusion of cytokinesis?
Daughter cells
What are the three phases of interphase?
- G1
- S
- G2
What is the human diploid number?
2n=46
During which phase of interphase does the cell enlarge?
G1
Which organelle do spindle fibers grow out of?
centrioles
