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AS History > Unit 5 - 1920s League of Nations and International Relations > Flashcards

Unit 5 - 1920s League of Nations and International Relations Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the political conditions in Europe post-WW1?

A

No stable government east of the Rhine.
Germany in shambles.
Revolutions in Russia.
Dissolution of the Austria-Hungary empire.

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2
Q

What event has also happened in 1920 that caused millions of deaths?

A

The Influenza pandemic.

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3
Q

Who are the ‘Big 3’ at the Paris Peace Conference?

A

USA
Britain
France

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4
Q

Delegates from how many states attended the Paris Peace Conference?

A

27

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5
Q

Who were excluded from the Paris Peace Conference?

A

Germany
Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria
Russia

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6
Q

What British aims were already met before the Paris Peace Conference?

A

The surrender of the German fleet, the defeat of the German trade rivalry, and the surrendering of German territories.

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7
Q

What further aims did Britain hope to accomplish at the Paris Peace Conference?

A

Germany as barrier against Bolshevik/Communist Russia.
Reparations.
Punishment.
Kaiser tried for war crimes.

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8
Q

What did the USA hope to achieve at the Paris Peace Conference?

A

14 points.
Long lasting, fair peace.

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9
Q

What did France want out of the Paris Peace Conference?

A

Revenge.
Security against Germany.
Disarmament.
Reparations.
Loss of territory.
Anglo-American guarantee.
(all against Germany).

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10
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of Italy at the time of the Paris Peace Conference?

A

Orlando.

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11
Q

What did Italy want out of the Paris Peace Conference?

A

Convince Italians that Italy benefitted from the war.
Territories promised in the 1915 agreement.

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12
Q

What were Japan’s aims in the Paris Peace Conference?

A

Racial equity clause.
Acknowledgement of territories gained in East Asia during the war.

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13
Q

How were the treaties at the Paris Peace Conference made?

A

Compromise.

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14
Q

What were the four main terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

A

War guilt.
Reparations.
Disarmament.
Territorial settlements.

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15
Q

What did the War Guilt clause in the treaties entail?

A

Germany and allies had to take full responsibility for starting the war.
Needed for all the other terms to be applicable.

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16
Q

What were some of the concerns with making Germany pay large reparations?

A

How can Germany repay without a significant export trade?
Will Germany’s reparations limit the global economy too much?

17
Q

Who was the French Finance Minister?

A

Louis Klotz.

18
Q

Who was the French Minister of Reconstruction?

A

Louis Loucheur.

19
Q

What did Klotz want for German reparations?

A

Lots.
He wanted Germany to pay.

20
Q

What was Loucheur’s view on German reparations?

A

Gentler. He encouraged Germany to sell bonds in order to pay for their reparations, but Germany thought that this was France’s attempt to separate Germany and the USA.

21
Q

What were Britain’s initial reparation demands towards Germany?

A

They wanted high reparations.

22
Q

Why would Britain want high reparations from Germany?

A

Would prevent Germany from spending money on an army and would help Britain with their pension costs.

23
Q

Why does David Lloyd George change his mind on high reparations from Germany?

A

Severely limits German economy and also the global economy.

24
Q

What is decided about for reparations?

A

A Reparations Committee will be set up in 1921, but until then, Germany has to make an interim payment of 20 billion gold marks and raise 60 billion through bonds.

25
Q

What percentages of the German reparations will each country get?

A

Britain - 25%
France - 55%
Belgium - Full compensation

26
Q

What do Britain and the USA want for disarmament?

A

Conscription gone and a small standing army left.

27
Q

Who is against conscription being abolished in Germany?

A

French General Ferdinand Foch.

28
Q

What does the Council of Ten decide about disarmament?

A

Overrule Foch and accept inter-allied commission.

29
Q

What was the Inter-Allied Commission supposed to monitor?

A

Pace of German disarmament.
Abolition of general staff.
Creation of regular army (100,000 max).
Dissolution of air force.
Reduction of navy.

30
Q

What is France’s aim regarding territorial disputes?

A

Weaken Germany at all costs.

31
Q

What is Britain’s aim regarding territorial settlements?

A

Leave Germany strong enough to be a barrier against communism.

32
Q

What is the USA’s aim regarding territorial settlements?

A

Fair and even. Okay giving territories away if majority of population is of that country.

33
Q
A

AS History (5 decks)

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