Unit 3 - Japan's Rise to Power Flashcards
What are the three reasons that Japan had to change its policies and stance on world relations?
- Western expansion
- The unequal treaties
- Meiji restoration
What happened to Japan in 1853?
Commodore Perry arrived from the USA and demanded that Japan opened two ports to the US Navy.
How does Western expansion affect Japan’s isolationist strategy?
Isolationism only works if everybody does it and with the Western powers expanding into China, Japan didn’t want to be taken over next.
What were the Unequal Treaties?
Treaties between the Western powers and China that allowed foreigners:
- Free access to ports
- Extra-territoriality
- Consular courts
- Very low tariffs
When was the Meiji restoration?
1868
What was the Meiji restoration?
It was a new system of government that brought back the glories of the old emperors, while still bringing in new Western-style governments.
What sort of administration did the Meiji restoration create?
Central administration that controlled local authorities and created an effective tax system.
When was the new constitution drawn up?
1890
How did the Meiji restoration affect the Japanese army?
There was a new 3-year conscription that at first was unpopular, but gained favor as the Japanese people became more nationalistic.
What was the Japanese army’s wartime strength in 1883?
Roughly 200,000.
How strong was the Japanese Navy by 1894?
28 warships and 24 torpedo boats.
How did the Japanese industry change because of the Meiji restoration?
It was modernized through steam-powered factories
How did Japan view Korea?
As a Japanese satellite state.
How did China view Korea?
As a Chinese province.
When does Japan forces Korea to open ports to Japanese traders?
1876
What treaty does Japan negotiate with Korea in 1876?
One that recognizes it as a state independent from China.
In what year do Korean modernizers attempt to take control of the government?
1884
What is the convention of 1883 Tientsin?
When China and Japan agree not to change the status of Korea.
What happens in 1894?
Japan builds economic + military strength.
Tong-Haks attempt to overthrow the Korean government.
What happens with the Tong-Haks?
China sends troops to help.
Japan sends troops (claims China is breaking Tientsin treaty).
Japanese want Prime Minister Hirobumi to challenge China.
Japan won’t withdraw, so China declares war.
When is the first Sino-Japanese war?
1894-1895.
Who wins the first Sino-Japanese war?
Japan.
What were China’s advantages in the first Sino-Japanese war?
Larger army.