Unit 4, The Cardio Vascular System

Question 1

What are the components of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

The heart, arteries/arterioles, veins/veinules, capillaries and blood

Question 2

What makes up the structure of the heart?

Answer 2

3 layers of muscle, 2 ventricles, and 2 atria

Question 3

Layers of the heart: Epicardium

Answer 3

Outer layer of the heart, also know as the visceral layer

Question 4

Layers of the heart: Myocardium

Answer 4

Middle layer, made up of cardiac muscle fibers, responsible for pumping

Question 5

Layers of the heart: Endocardium:

Answer 5

smooth inner layer, covers the vibreous “skeleton” of the heart

Question 6

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 6

It carries oxygen, nutrients and hormones to cells all over the body. It also carries waste products to be expunged from the body.

Question 7

What is Pulmonary Circulation?

Answer 7

Carries blood from the heart to lungs and back again.

Question 8

What is Systemic Circulation?

Answer 8

Blood is carried from heart out through the arteries, artertioles and capillaries to cells, and returned through the venous system

Question 9

Compensatory Mechanisms for Blood loss: Vascular Spasm

Answer 9

Smooth Muscle in the blood vessels and walls contract immediately as the vessel wall is breached, this immediately reduces blood loss, which gives time for other mechanisms to activate

Question 10

Compensatory Mechanisms for Blood loss: Platelet Plug Formation

Answer 10

Platelet’s come into contact with damaged blood vessels, they form a platelet plug to close the broken blood vessel

Question 11

Compensatory Mechanisms for Blood loss: Blood clotting

Answer 11

Liquid blood solidifies over the breach