Unit 4- psychiatric disorders Flashcards
abnormalities
deviance (eccentric)
distress
dysfunction
danger
Biological model
- medical approach
- psych problems viewed as illness
- usually resulting from malfunctioning within physical organism
- focus on irregularities of anatomy
- physiology
- genetics
- correction of physical problem will result in symptom alleviation
psychodynamic approach
- abnormalities due to unconscious process
- dynamic interactions between behavior, thoughts, and emotions
- focus on interpretations, catharsis, transference, working though
- involves bringing unconscious motives or processes into awareness
Behavioral model
- behavior determined by past experiences
- environmental influences primary
- focus on learning history
- rewards
- punishment
- techniques: classical and operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
unconditioned stimulus
unconditioned response
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response
Operant conditioning
- process by which an organism learns to associate a response w/ a consequence
- techniques: shaping and systematic desensitization
Cognitive model
- emotions are results of interpretations of events
- manipulative thinking causes manipulative behavior
- how ppl attend to interpret and use info
- internal thought process
- present focus
- cognitive distortion and challenging
Humanistic-existential model
- ppl will be happy if let to develop naturally
- self determination and choice
- conditional of worth vs. unconditional positive regard
- self concept
- meaning
- goals: responsibility and purpose, here and now
Sociocultural model
- behavior is shaped by social forces
- family structure
- cultural background
- social networks
- involves: family therapy, gender or culture sensitivity, self help groups
Mental illness
accounts for 25% of disabled in US, Canada, and western Europe
-Economic impact in reduced productivity
treatment providers
- psychiatrist: medical doc
- clinical psychologist: PhD assessment and therapy
- Professional counselor or social worker
- Counselors: pastors, substance abuse helpers
unipolar depression
5 affected areas:
- emotional symptoms
- motivational symptoms
- behavioral symptoms
- cognitive symptoms
- physical symptoms
Suicide risks
ultimate escape from unbearable pain
- see no options
- feel helpless and alone
- often mention it either directly or indirectly
Anxiety disorder
characterizes by persistent, distressing anxiety or maladaptive behaviors to reduce anxiety -GAD -panic disorder -phobias -post traumatic stress disorder obsessive compulsive disorder
GAD
excessive anziety and apprehensive expectation, m ore days than not for at lease 6 months
panic disorder
panic attack- discreet period of intense fear or discomfort within 10 min
- recurrent unexpected panic attacks and significant worry or behavior change related to the attacks
- can be w/ w/o agoraphobia
- symptoms are not better accounted for by medical condition or other disorder
PTSD
exposed to traumatic event in which both of the following was present: actual or threatened death or serious injury to self or others and response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror
- traumatic event is persistently re-experienced
- persistent avoidance of stimmuli associated w/ trauma and numbing of general responsiveness
- persistent symptoms of increased arousal
- duration of the disturbance more than a month
somatoform and dissociative disorder
somato: problem appear to be physical or medical, actually due to psychosocial
dissociative: syndromes featureing major losses or changes in memory, consciousness, and ID
