Unit 4- psychiatric disorders

Question 1

abnormalities

Answer 1

deviance (eccentric)
distress
dysfunction
danger

Question 2

Biological model

Answer 2

• medical approach
• psych problems viewed as illness
• usually resulting from malfunctioning within physical organism
• focus on irregularities of anatomy
• physiology
• genetics
• correction of physical problem will result in symptom alleviation

Question 3

psychodynamic approach

Answer 3

• abnormalities due to unconscious process
• dynamic interactions between behavior, thoughts, and emotions
• focus on interpretations, catharsis, transference, working though
• involves bringing unconscious motives or processes into awareness

Question 4

Behavioral model

Answer 4

• behavior determined by past experiences
• environmental influences primary
• focus on learning history
• rewards
• punishment
• techniques: classical and operant conditioning

Question 5

Classical conditioning

Answer 5

unconditioned stimulus
unconditioned response
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response

Question 6

Operant conditioning

Answer 6

• process by which an organism learns to associate a response w/ a consequence
• techniques: shaping and systematic desensitization

Question 7

Cognitive model

Answer 7

• emotions are results of interpretations of events
• manipulative thinking causes manipulative behavior
• how ppl attend to interpret and use info
• internal thought process
• present focus
• cognitive distortion and challenging

Question 8

Humanistic-existential model

Answer 8

• ppl will be happy if let to develop naturally
• self determination and choice
• conditional of worth vs. unconditional positive regard
• self concept
• meaning
• goals: responsibility and purpose, here and now

Question 9

Sociocultural model

Answer 9

• behavior is shaped by social forces
• family structure
• cultural background
• social networks
• involves: family therapy, gender or culture sensitivity, self help groups

Question 10

Mental illness

Answer 10

accounts for 25% of disabled in US, Canada, and western Europe
-Economic impact in reduced productivity

Question 11

treatment providers

Answer 11

• psychiatrist: medical doc
• clinical psychologist: PhD assessment and therapy
• Professional counselor or social worker
• Counselors: pastors, substance abuse helpers

Question 12

unipolar depression

Answer 12

5 affected areas:

• emotional symptoms
• motivational symptoms
• behavioral symptoms
• cognitive symptoms
• physical symptoms

Question 13

Suicide risks

Answer 13

ultimate escape from unbearable pain

• see no options
• feel helpless and alone
• often mention it either directly or indirectly

Question 14

Anxiety disorder

Answer 14

characterizes by persistent, distressing anxiety or maladaptive behaviors to reduce anxiety 
-GAD
-panic disorder 
-phobias 
-post traumatic stress disorder
obsessive compulsive disorder

Question 15

GAD

Answer 15

excessive anziety and apprehensive expectation, m ore days than not for at lease 6 months

Question 16

panic disorder

Answer 16

panic attack- discreet period of intense fear or discomfort within 10 min

• recurrent unexpected panic attacks and significant worry or behavior change related to the attacks
• can be w/ w/o agoraphobia
• symptoms are not better accounted for by medical condition or other disorder

Question 17

PTSD

Answer 17

exposed to traumatic event in which both of the following was present: actual or threatened death or serious injury to self or others and response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror

• traumatic event is persistently re-experienced
• persistent avoidance of stimmuli associated w/ trauma and numbing of general responsiveness
• persistent symptoms of increased arousal
• duration of the disturbance more than a month

Question 18

somatoform and dissociative disorder

Answer 18

somato: problem appear to be physical or medical, actually due to psychosocial
dissociative: syndromes featureing major losses or changes in memory, consciousness, and ID