Unit 4 Microbial Genetics Flashcards
Enzyme responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence.
RNA polymerase
Contains RNA and protein, facilitates translation.
Ribosome
Transfer of a plasmid from one cell to another cell.
Conjugation
Process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector.
Transduction
An enzyme that cuts the DNA molecule at, or near to, a specific nucleotide sequence (palindromes).
Restriction Endonuclease
Use of computational tools to acquire, analyze, store and access DNA and protein sequences.
Bioinformatics
Method to make exact copies of a DNA sequence in a test tube using Taq polymerase.
Polymerase chain reaction
Extra-chromosomal circular DNA molecule.
Plasmid
Transformation, transduction, conjugation.
Three methods of lateral gene transfer in bacteria
Protein that makes an exact copy of the bacterial genome.
DNA polymerase complex
Process to make an RNA copy of the DNA molecule.
Transcription
Uptake of naked DNA molecules by a competent bacterial cell.
Transformation
Converts mRNA to a polypeptide (protein).
Translation
Segment of DNA that can move from one DNA molecule to another DNA molecule.
Transposon
Can result from a change in a single base on the DNA genome.
Mutation
Sequence of 3 DNA or RNA nucleotides.
Codon
Seals nicks in the DNA backbone between adjacent nucleotides.
Ligase
The study of all the RNA molecules within a cell.
Transcriptomics
This genetic molecule can confer a genetic advantage to a cell but is not necessary for the cell to survive.
Plasmid
This carries the gene sequence to be converted to protein.
mRNA
Molecule that carries RNA bases to the ribosome.
tRNA
Genomic analysis of DNA or RNA from an environment sample containing organisms that have not been isolated.
Metagenomics
Total complement of metabolic molecules and intermediates produced by a cell.
Metablome
The community of microorganisms living together in a particular habitat.
Microbiome
