Unit 4: Genetics

Question 1

Normal chromosomes number in humans

Answer 1

46 chromosomes (23 pairs)

22 pairs are autosomes and 1 pair is the sex chromosome

Question 2

Diploid

Answer 2

Two representatives of each kind of chromosome are present (2n)

Question 3

Haploid

Answer 3

Only one of each kind chromosome is present (n)

Sperm and egg cells are haploid

Question 4

Autosome

Answer 4

22 pairs and the same in both male and females

Question 5

Sex chromosome

Answer 5

X and Y chromosome

Males are XY and Females are XX

Question 6

Genotype

Answer 6

What genes you have

Question 7

Phenotype

Answer 7

What you look like

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

Having dissimilar genes for any hereditary characteristics

Question 9

Homozygous

Answer 9

Having the same genes for any hereditary characteristics

Question 10

Examples of autosomal disorders

Answer 10

Cystic fibrosis, tay-sachs disease and sickle cell anemia

Question 11

Sex linked disorders

Answer 11

More common in men (women have two X chromosomes so they can correct sex linked disorders)

If a male has one he received it from his mother

Color blindness and hemophilia

Question 12

Recessive vs. dominant genese

Answer 12

Dominant traits are expressed when they are present

Recessive are hidden unless 2 recessive genes are present

Question 13

Polygenic Inheritance

Answer 13

In polygenic inheritance, genes at 2 more loci contribute to a single phenotypic trait