Unit 2: Blood Vessels Flashcards
Tunica intima
Inner most layer and is layer exposed to the blood
Tunica media
Middle layer and is typically the thickest of the three
Tunica adventitia
Outermost layer and is made if loose connective tissue
Arteries
Blood vessels that take oxygenated blood away from the heart and deliver it to the rest of the body
Conducting arteries
Largest in diameter and have the thickest walls
Maintains blood pressure and flow
Distributing muscular arteries
Smaller and medium sized arteries that control the blood flow to many body regions
Vasoconstriction
Increases resistance and reduces flow
Vasodilation
Decreases resistance and increases flow
Arterioles
Transport blood from small arteries to capillaries
Which will occur if the BP decreases?
Increase heart rate
Increased stroke volume
Vasoconstriction
Blood pressure
Force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels
Blood pressure varies according to the….
Cardiac cycle
The maximum pressure when ventricles contract
Systolic pressure
The pressure when ventricles relax
Diastolic pressure
The alternation between systolic and diastolic pressure results in a…
Pulse
Five factors that affect blood pressure
Cardiac output, blood volume, peripheral resistance, blood viscosity and chemicals
Cardiac output
Amount of blood pumped from the left ventricle per minute
Calculation for cardiac output
Stroke volume x heart rate
Volume of blood pumped from a ventricle with each heart beat
Stroke volume
Friction between the blood and the walls of blood vessels
Peripheral resistance
Fluidity or thickness of blood
Viscosity
High viscosity of blood does what?
Increases peripheral resistance snd blood pressure
Vasoconstriction and blood pressure increases with what drug use?
Nicotine
Vasodilation and blood pressure decrease with what substance?
Alcohol
