Unit 3 - Digestive System Flashcards
Segmentation
Localized movement that mix digestive contents (physical digestion)
Mucosa
Innermost layer of digestive tract
Submucosa
Deep to the mucosa layer
Contains loose connective tissue with nerves blood vessels and digestive glands
Serosa
Outer most layer of digestive system
Why is it difficult to do surgery on the esophagus?
The esophagus does not contain a serosa layer. This layer helps hold sutures in place. In the esophagus sutures are likely to break apart and not hold
Muscularis
Layer of digestive system that is smooth and helps with motility
Uvula
Projection of soft palate and prevents food from entering nasal cavity
Pharynx
Ingested food passes through the oral cavity and enters the pharynx
Nasopharynx
Superior area posterior to the nasal cavity
Esophagus
Connects laryngopharynx to the stomach
What does the lesser omentum contain?
Hepatic artery, portal vein and common bile duct
Pyloric sphincter
Smooth thick ring allowing food to move to the small intestines
Hepatic artery
Brings oxygenated blood to liver
Hepatic portal vein
Takes blood with nutrients from digestive tract to liver
Gall bladder
Stores and concentrates bile
Liver
Produces bile
Cystic duct
Takes bile from gall bladder toward small intestines
Bile
Functions to emulsify fat
Stages of swallowing reflex
Bolus if oropharynx, Voluntary phase, pharyngeal phase, esophageal phase,
Gastrin
Increases gastric secretion and motility
Histamine
Increase HCL secretion
HCL
Causes protein hydrolysis and activates pepsinogen
Pepsin
Digests protein
Mucus
Protects stomach lining from acid
Intrinsic factor
Helps with absorption if vitamin B12
