Unit 3 - Metabolism & Thermoregulation Flashcards
Glucose
Energy source for all cells and nervous tissue (brain)
3 essential fatty acids
Linoleic acid, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid
Recommended water intake for men and women
3.7 total from food and beverage for men and 2.7 for women
Vitamin A function
Fat soluble, for vision
Vitamin K
Fat soluble, blood clotting
Vitamin E
Fat soluble, antioxidant
Vitamin D
Fat soluble, calcium absorption
Vitamin B12
Water soluble, red blood cell production
Vitamin C
Water soluble, collagen formation
Catabolic reactions
Breaking down complex substrates to simple, releases energy
Anabolic reactions
Simple substrates synthesized into complex ones, requires energy
Glycolysis
Breakdown of glucose
Aerobic respiration
Uses oxygen, yields 36 ATP per glucose
Glycogenolysis
Breakdown of glycogen, to provide glucose to cells
Glycogenesis
Production of glycogen, to store for later
Gluconeogenesis
Production of new glucose, from fat or protein
Lipolysis
Breakdown of fat
Fatty acid synthesis
Production of fat
Two types of anabolic reactions with carbohydrates
Glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis
Anabolic reaction with fat
Fatty acid synthesis
Anabolic reaction with protein
Synthesis of non essential amino acids
Anabolic vs catabolic
Building up vs breaking down
3 catabolic reaction with carbs
Glycolysis, aerobic respiration and glyogenolysis
Catabolic reaction with fat
Beta oxidation aka lipolysis
Catabolic reaction with protein
Deamination (amino acid degradation)
Postabsorptive
Aka fast, more than 6hrs after feeding
Body starts to go into catabolic state and break down stored energy sources from macronutrients
Absorptive
Less than 6 hrs after eating
Anabolic or building state, will store and synthesis fat, protein and carbs
Basal metabolic rate
Maintain body’s function at rest
What factors influence BMR
Muscle mass, Age, body temp, body surface area
Metabolic rate
Energy expended added to be BMR (amount of calories needed to maintain current weight)
