Unit 4 Accessioning Flashcards
happens before testing.
now called preexamination
pre-analytical
happens during testing.
now called examination
analytical
happens after testing.
now called postexamination
post analytical
lab tests are requested by means of the lab requisitions form or a computer generated order
requisitions
serve as both lab requests and report forms are considered a more traditional manual system
multiple part requisition forms
makes sure the correct treatment is administered to the right patient, ultimately reducing errors and ensuring patient safety
barcodes
may include any human or animal material such as urine, feces, blood, tissue and fluids being shipped for diagnostic or investigate purposes
infectious specimen
specimen delivery methods
hand delivery
pneumatic tube system
vehicles
tests that can be affected with the pneumatic tube system
potassium
hemoglobin
acid phosphatase
lactate dehydrogenase
tests that are not affected with the tube system
ALP
AST
chloride
glucose
creatinine
urea
uric acid
if the blood is drawn in an SST/PST tube it is stable for ___ after centrifugation
24 hours
if stored at 4 degrees, the SST/PST tube is stable for ___
48 hours
urine specimens (protected from light) can be tested within ___ at ___
2 hours, RT
cytology specimens should be tested ____
if not ____ should be added to preserve the cells
ASAP
ethanol
refers to the process of dividing a larger volume of a specimen into smaller, standardized aliquots for storage, analysis or distribution
Aliquot preparation
aliquot is used when
- Multiple tests are ordered
- tests are performed on different instruments or in different areas
serum/plasma should be not thawed more than ?
once
estimate the amount of specimen in an aliquot tube
0.5 ml = little finger
1.0 ml = index finger
2.0 ml = middle and index finger
body temp
36.4 - 37.6 degrees celsius (avg is 37 degrees)
room temp
20 - 30 degrees C (avg 25)
refrigerator temp
2 - 10 degrees C
frozen temp
- 20 degrees C (some specimens require -70 degrees C or lower)
slows down metabolic specimens
also protects thermolabile
should be completely immersed in a slurry of crushed ice
chilling specimen
to altered or destroyed by heat
thermolabile
these specimens can be immersed in a combination of water and ice
arterial blood gases - on ice
ammonia - on ice
lactic acid - on ice
specimens that must not be chilled
coag tests
potassium
specimens to be kept at body temp
cold agglutinins
cryofibrinogen
semen analysis
these samples can be taken in plain tube and protected from light by wrapping in aluminum foil - amber colored collection containers are available for collecting bilirubin for infants
bilirubin
vitamin b12
carotene
a decrease of ___ of the bilirubin is lost after 1 hour of light exposure
50%
urine specimens for porphyrins
are collected in a dark bottle
used to diagnose meningitis infections and other brain disorders
always delivered STAT
usually collected in 3-4 tubes
CSF
1st tube for CSF
goes to chemistry/immunology on ice
2nd tube for CSF
goes to micro - no ice
3rd tube for CSF
goes to hema (differential and cell count) - on ice
4th tube for CSF
goes to cytology or other special test
if one specimen such as urine or CSF is needed by 3 depts., it must be processed as follows
do not put on ice
micro - prevents contamination
hema - for cellular analysis
chem
lab personnel must be aware of TDG regulations for 3 reasons
- Transport chemicals needed for the lab
- Transport of specimens from one site to another (satellite to main lab)
- Disposal of hazardous waste (chemical and biological)
packaging of diagnostic and infectious specimens should generally follow
The triple packaging system
Blood collection tubes, urine containers, or pour off tubes with leak proof lids
Primary package
Durable, watertight, leak-proof receptable to enclose and protect the primary receptacle(s)
Example envelope plastic bag
Secondary package
Durable rigid container
Example: cooler
Outer package
Refers to the management and preservation of laboratory specimens and test results after the completion of analysis
Post analysis storage
Anticoagulated venous specimen should be stored at ____ if they will not be tested within ____
2-8 degrees celsius; 4 hours
____/_____ aliquots can remain at room temp for no longer than ____
Serum/plasma; 8 hours
If the assays can be tested within ____, then the aliquots should be refrigerated (____)
48 hours; 2-8 degrees celsius
If assays are not completed within 48 hrs, the aliquots should be frozen at ____ or below degrees C
-20 degrees C
____ tubes are stored for _____ and discarded.
Frozen specimens unacceptable.
EDTA; 24 hours
____/____ tubes are stored at RT for ____
Sodium flouride/potassium oxalate; 24 hours
Must be incinerated or buried in a cemetery or destroyed in a crematorium
Human anatomical waste
Must be incinerated, autoclaved, or otherwise treated in a manner that destroys pathogens
Microbiological waste
Sharps are disposed of in puncture resistant containers and shall be
Incinerated
Autoclaved
Otherwise treated in manner that renders them unusable and destroys pathogenic microorganisms
COC
Chain of custody forms
Refers to the documented process of establishing and maintaining control over the handling, storage, and disposition of specimen samples, or evidence from the time of collection to final disposition
Chain of custody
Clean with _____ when collecting ETOH
benzalkonium chloride (or soap and water)
Indicate life threatening situation. And action must be taken immediately.
Critical (panic) levels
