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MLA > Unit 3 Part 2 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

WHMIS

A

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System

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2
Q

defines and classifies the hazards of chemical products, and communicates health and safety information on labels and safety data sheets

A

GHS (globally harmonized system of classification and labelling of chemicals)

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3
Q

3 categories of labels

A

Physical hazards
Health hazards
Environmental hazards

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4
Q

Physical hazards

A

Explosives
Flammable
Oxidizers
Compressed gas
Corrosive

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5
Q

Health Hazards

A

Toxic, Death
Chronic problems or illness
Health hazard

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6
Q

is responsible for the classification of all controlled products that they import, produce and or sell in Canada

A

The supplier

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7
Q

the brand name, chemical name, common name, generic name, or trade name of the hazardous products

A

product identifier

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8
Q

the name, address, and telephone number of either the Canadian manufacturer or the Canadian importer

A

initial supplier identifier

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9
Q

hazard symbol within a red “square set on one of its points”

A

pictogram

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10
Q

a word used to alert the reader to a potential hazard and to indicate the severity of the hazard

A

signal word

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11
Q

standardized phrases which describe the nature of the hazard posed by a hazardous product

A

hazard statement(s)

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12
Q

standardized phrases that describe measure to be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product or resulting from improper handling or storage of a hazardous product

A

precautionary statement(s)

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13
Q

some supplemental label information is required based on the the classification of the product

A

supplemental label information

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14
Q

is a degree of excellence

A

quality

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15
Q

is a comprehensive system for achieving continuous improvement in customer satisfaction

based on 4 principles

A

total quality management (TQM)

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16
Q

is defined as a program or process that is designed to prevent problems in the future by evaluating present and past performance

A

QA (quality assurance)

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17
Q

4 principles of TQM

A
  1. customer satisfaction
  2. everyone is involved (management and employee)
  3. constant improvement
  4. procedure orientated
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18
Q

use of checks and controls to assure quality

A

quality controlled

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19
Q

procedural part of the QA part

procedure is used to identify and to correct problems

A

QC

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20
Q

a comparison of current lab results with previous results for the same test on the patient

A

delta check

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21
Q

provides information on which decisions are made for improvement

A

quality indicators

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22
Q

are established for all quality indicators

A

Threshold values

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23
Q

is a graph chart that quality control data is plotted on to give a visual indication whether a laboratory test is working well

A

Levy-Jennings chart

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24
Q

are a set of rules used for laboratory quality control

A

Westgard rules

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25
Q

can be chemically pure or serum based, in which the value is known

best way to measure accuracy

used to establish reference points

can be used to calculate a test result

A

standard

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26
Q

are made of materials with one or more known characteristics

must be run before patient specimens can be tested

A

controls

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27
Q

12 essentials in laboratory environment

A
  1. organization
  2. personnel
  3. equipment
  4. purchasing and history
  5. process control
  6. information management
  7. documents and records
  8. occurrence management
  9. assessment
  10. process improvement
  11. customer service
  12. facilities and safety
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28
Q

allows you to recognize your own strength and weakness and use this to guide on-going learning

part of quality improvement

A

reflective practice

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29
Q

identification, classification and prioritization of risks

chance of loss injury

focuses on identifying and minimizing situations that pose potential dangers to patients and staff

A

risk management

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30
Q

2 ways risks can be managed

A
  1. controlling the risk to avoid the incident
  2. looking at the risk after it happens
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31
Q

2 groups of glassware

A

general and volumetric

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32
Q

adequate for storing many substances

not calibrated to hold or measure an exact volume

not recommended for critical measurements

A

general containers

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33
Q

manufactured from either glass or plastic

most are disposable

can be containers for liquid samples such as urine, serum, or whole blood

A

test tubes

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34
Q

are designed to withstand the stress of centrifugation

used to separate liquids from solids during centrifugation

generally have calibration marks on them

have a pointed bottom whereas test tubes have a rounded bottom

A

centrifuge tube

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35
Q

used to estimate liquid amount

used to mix and heat

resistant to high temperatures and chemicals

may or may not have calibration marks on them

not used for critical measurements

A

beakers

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36
Q

used for holding and mixing liquids

have measurement marks for non critical volumes

sizes vary from 1 ml to 2000 ml

A

erlenmeyer flask

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37
Q

precise volumes are not measured with cylinders, but approximate measures can be made

A

graduated cylinders

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38
Q

holds various reagents used in lab testing

most are made from polypropylene, a clear plastic that is resistant to most reagents

some bottles may be clear

some bottles may be brown to protect the reagent from light

A

Reagent bottles

39
Q

manufactured with a rigorous calibration process to ensure measurement accuracy

only glass of the finest quality is used in the manufacture

A

volumetric glassware

40
Q

may be etched in the glassware

A

temperature of calibration

41
Q

means the glassware is designed to deliver a designated volume

A

TD

42
Q

means the glassware is designed to contain a given volume of liquid

A

TC

43
Q

used to prepare solutions when the accuracy of the concentration is critical

when liquid is placed in this type of flask, it must come up exactly to the calibration mark

A

Volumetric flask

44
Q

the surface of a liquid that appears as a curve when placed in a container

A

meniscus

45
Q

usually open at both ends

used to transfer specific amounts of liquid from one container to another

usually used for volumes between 1 and 100 milliliters

A

pipettes

46
Q

used when the greatest accuracy and precision is required (with bulge)

A

volumetric pipette

47
Q

not accurate enough for critical measurements and are often used for reagents (no bulge)

A

graduated pipette

48
Q

designed to pick up and dispense a preset volume of solution

A

automated pipette

49
Q

used to measure small volumes (1 microliter to 1 milliliter)

A

micropipette

50
Q

if using TD pipette with a frosted band you have to?

A

blow out the last drops out

51
Q

if using TC pipette

A

do not blow out the last drop

52
Q

manual cleaning

A

soak in detergent solutions (containing bleach if necessary)

rinse 7-10 times in tap water

rinse 3 times in distilled water

inverted glassware is placed in a hot air oven to dry (apprx 100 degrees)

53
Q

main purpose is to separate blood cells from plasma and serum

other body fluids are separated in a centrifuge such as urine, cerebrospinal fluid

A

centrifuges

54
Q

RCF

A

relative centrifugal force

55
Q

is the revolutions per minute (how fast the rotor is spinning)

also called gravities

generally centrifuging blood is 10 minutes at 1000g

A

RCF

56
Q

two types of centrifuges

A

fixed head and horizontal head

57
Q

does not move

blood separates in a slanted form

balanced in a mirror image

A

fixed head

58
Q

tubes are horizontal balanced across the axis position

buckets (canisters) swing out when spinning

blood separates straight across

A

horizontal head

59
Q

referred to as cytospin

is a specialized centrifuge used to concentrate cells in fluid specimens onto a microscope slide so that they can be stained and examined

A

cytocentrifuge

60
Q

is a very sensitive scale used in chemical analysis

the most accurate balance

provides a mass of an object to the nearest 0.0001 g

used when an error smaller than 0.01 g is required

A

analytical balance

61
Q

used to keep specimens at body temperatures in the microbiology specimen

A

incubators

62
Q

steel container filled with water

antibacterial agent is added to the H2O

temperature usually controlled at 37 degrees

used when it is necessary to maintain the specimen at 37 degrees for testing

A

water bath

63
Q

analyses whole blood:

counts RBC and WBC and platelets

hemoglobin content, and hematocrit

measures and calculates red blood cell size

performs an automated differential count

A

electronic cell counters

64
Q

can analyze many different chemistry tests on the same specimens

A

clinical chemistry auto analyzers

65
Q

usual normal refrigerator temperature

A

between 2 to 8 degrees celsius

66
Q

are used to store blood, chemicals, tissue cultures, and other medical samples

normal temperature ranges between - 15 to - 25 degrees celsius

average is - 20 degrees celsius

A

freezer

67
Q

uses a 2 lens system:
one in the ocular
one in the objective

A

compound microscope

68
Q

used to locate an object in a field

A

low power lens

69
Q

lens is usually 40x, giving a total magnification of 400x (with ocular lens 10x)

sometimes called high dry objective

A

High power lens

70
Q

used to view blood slides, miroorganisms and sections of tissue

used with a drop of immersion oil

lens is 100x, giving a total magnification of 1000x (with ocular lens of 10x)

A

oil immersion lens

71
Q

used to focus the low power lens

MUST NEVER BE USED WHEN THE HIGH POWER LENS OR THE OIL IMMMERSION ARE IN PLACE

A

coarse adjustments

72
Q

is used to achieve a clearer picture after the coarse adjustment has been used

A

fine adjustment

73
Q

located at the base of the microscope

has a condenser to focus and direct light into the objective lens

A

light source

74
Q

types of microscopes

A

dark field

phase-contrast

fluorescent
microscope

electron microscope

75
Q

light object/dark background

A

dark field

76
Q

intracellular details

used to examine unstained specimens

A

phase-contact

77
Q

uses UV light

A

fluorescent

78
Q

very expensive, high-tech microscope that uses short wave electrons

A

electron

79
Q

a simple device used commonly in laboratories to mix small vials of liquid

A

vortex mixers

80
Q

two types of vortex mixers

A

individual tubes

beakers

81
Q

process called sterilization destroys spores and bacteria.

done at high temperatures and under high pressures

A

autoclave

82
Q

effective operating parameters for autoclave

A
  1. temperature; 121 degrees Celsius
  2. pressure; 103.4 kPA (15 psi)
  3. time; greater than 15 minutes
83
Q

quality control for autoclave indicators

A

biological and chemical

84
Q

other types of autoclave

A

dry heat

moist heat

ethylene oxide

85
Q

similar to an oven which heats up to 150 - 160 degrees celsius for 1 hour

A

dry heat

86
Q

uses boiling water to sterilize

A

moist heat

87
Q

for devices and plastic container that cannot support conventional high temperature steam sterilization

A

ethylene oxide

88
Q

an instrument used to measure acidity and alkalinity solution

measured on a scale of 0 to 14

A

pH meter

89
Q

if the pH value is less than 7 it is ____, if the pH is greater than 7 it is _____

A

acidic; alkaline

90
Q

water is passed through certain processes in order to remove impurities

A

distilled water

91
Q

is distilled water which is cooled and condensed steam

A

deionized water

92
Q

is rarely used in the lab as it contains organic and inorganic containments that may interfere with testing

A

tap water

93
Q

a mixture of salt and water

A

normal saline

MLA (12 decks)

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