Unit 4 - AC2.2 - Discuss The Aims Of Punishment

Question 1

What are the 5 aims of punishment

Answer 1

Retribution / rehabilitation / deterrence / public protection / reparation

Question 2

What are the aims of sentencing contained in

Answer 2

Section 42 of the criminal justice act 2003

Question 3

What is retribution

Answer 3

Aiming to punish the offender to a proportionate level so criminals get their ‘just desserts’

Question 4

What is rehabilitation

Answer 4

The alteration of the offenders mindset to prevent future reoffending / based on free will and that the individual can change their behaviour

Question 5

What theory does rehab link to

Answer 5

Individualistic such as skinners operant learning theory(rat box) which supports the use of a token economy to encourage prisoners to produce more acceptable behaviours

Question 6

What is deterrence

Answer 6

Dissuading me he offender from committing crime through a fear of punishment

Question 7

What are the two types of deterrence

Answer 7

Individual deterrence and general deterrence

Question 8

What is individual deterrence

Answer 8

Using punishment to deter the individual from reoffending as they will not want to repeat their punishment

Question 9

What theory does individual deterrence link to

Answer 9

Marxism as crime is inevitable in a capitalist society so sentences are given as a means to control the working class who are heavily policed compared to the upper class

Question 10

What is general deterrence

Answer 10

Deterring society as a whole from offending as they can see what will happen to them if they do

Question 11

What theory does general deterrence link to

Answer 11

The social learning theory as they see what happens to others and would be less likely to imitate it

Question 12

What is public protection

Answer 12

Protecting the public from further offending by incapacitating offenders

Question 13

What theory does public protection link to

Answer 13

Right realism as it prioritises the victim and society instead of dog the defendant

Question 14

What is reparation

Answer 14

The offender making amends for their wrongdoing like financial compensation

Question 15

What is restorative justice

Answer 15

A type of reparation that involves the offender recognising the wrongfulness of their actions through restorative justice schemes in which the victim and offender can meet

Question 16

What theory does restorative justice link to

Answer 16

Functionalists such as Durkheim argue that restorative justice is essential for the smooth functioning of complex modern societies