Unit 2- AC1.2 - The SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION of criminality Flashcards
what is the social construction of criminality
how society builds definitions of criminal behaviour- leading to a difference in laws in different cultures and as society changes over time the law changes too
polygamy info:
being married to more that one person at a time // illegal in UK + most other countries // legal in Afghanistan + alot of muslim cultures // variation reasons - religion = the qur’an allows muslim men to have up to 4 wives - tradition = some african cultures have a king tradition of polygamy possibly due to more labour in the fields
homosexuality info:
sexual acts between people of the same sex // illegal in 72 countries, Soudi arabia, iran, yemen, nigeria, death penalty in some countries // legal in UK, europe, USA, Canada, indonesia // variation reasons - religion = shari’ah law ( quart says that hmsx is punishable by death- public opinion = some countries strongly support the banning of hmsx
adultery info:
sexual relations between a married person and someone who isn’t their spouse // illegal in Saudi Arabia, pakistan, taiwan, sudan, Oklahoma // legal in UK, all of europe, india, most USA // variation reasons - religion = most religions condemn adultery and some country laws are influenced by religion - position of women = countries where women are seen as of lower status than men so sometimes laws are unequal as women are sometimes owned by husbands
cannabis for personal use
using cannabis for personal use // illegal in UK, most countries around the world // legal in malta, georgia, thailand, some american states // variation reasons - societal norms and values = cultures that place a high value on individual freedom tend to have less strict laws and diff countries tackle the issue differently
England homosexuality law history
illegal until 1967 with age of consent at 21, reduced to 18 in 1994 then 16 in 2001, same sex marriages became legal in 2014
names of high profile cases (homosexuality)
lord montegue, alan turing, peter wildblood
england capital punishment law info
abolished in most of uk in 1965 / last person hanged was 13/8/1964 / death penalty for theft removed in 1832 / min age raised to 18 in 1933
what is the name of the act that made poaching etc punishable by death
The Black Act 1723- made 50 offences punishable by death
what comes as a result of typification
class bias as working class people fit the stereotype more than the middle class
what organisation used police figures from Northern ireland in 2021 to analyse the typification and class bias
amnesty international
how many people were stopped and searched in the study by Amnesty international?
25,000
what percent of the 25,000 people are from BAME backgrounds
5%
how much of the actual population in Northern Ireland are from BAME backgrounds
1.8%
what is the age of criminal responsibility in most parts of the UK
10 (12 in scotland)
