Unit 2- Ac1.1 compare CRIMINAL behaviour and DEVIANCE

Question 1

define values

Answer 1

general shared principles of behaviour - what we consider acceptable

Question 2

define norms

Answer 2

specific socially accepted rules/expectations for specific situations

Question 3

define moral code

Answer 3

shared values about what us morally acceptable. values and moral codes influence norms

Question 4

moral code example

Answer 4

politeness in the UK, it’s normal to say please and thank you

Question 5

what are the 3 types of deviance

Answer 5

1-Good, 2-eccentric (not harmful), 3-disapproved of (can result in punishments and/or sanctions)

Question 6

most criminal acts are considered deviant T/F

Answer 6

True

Question 7

define formal sanctions

Answer 7

those imposed by institutions and official bodies for the breaking of written rules and laws

Question 8

formal sanction examples

Answer 8

detention for missing homework , speeding fines

Question 9

define informal sanctions

Answer 9

not formalised consequences

Question 10

informal sanction examples

Answer 10

people tutting and speaking crossly to you for jumping the queue, people gaining dirty looks for bad language i front of children

Question 11

positive sanction examples

Answer 11

bravery award, school merit points

Question 12

define sanctions

Answer 12

a form of social control imposed by society in order to get members of they society to conform to the values, norms and moral codes of that society

Question 13

define criminal behaviour as a legal definition

Answer 13

any action that is forbidden by the laws if the country you are in

Question 14

what are the two elements to be present for something to be criminal

Answer 14

actus reus and mens rea

Question 15

define actus reus

Answer 15

latin for guilty act- someone committing a crime has done something not allowed by the law

Question 16

define mens rea

Answer 16

latin for guilty mind- someone committing a crime will have done something with intent to harm, damage it deprive somebody is something in some way

Question 17

is mens rea always required for it to be considered a criminal act ?

Answer 17

no

Question 18

define strict liability

Answer 18

liability which does not depend on actual negligence or intent to harm- mens rea not required

Question 19

example of strict liability

Answer 19

Food hygiene regulations and health safety law

Question 20

if an act meets mens rea and actus reus reus does is mean it’s a crime

Answer 20

no

Question 21

define self defence

Answer 21

committing a crime to protect yourself

Question 22

what are the 7 types of crime ?

Answer 22

violence against the person
sexual offences
offences against property
fraud and forgery
criminal damage
drug offences
public order offences

Question 23

violence against a person examples

Answer 23

assault, murder, GBH

Question 24

sexual offence examples

Answer 24

rape, indecent assault

Question 25

offences against property examples

Answer 25

robbery, handling stolen goods

Question 26

fraud and forgery examples

Answer 26

copying cheques, manipulating tax returns

Question 27

criminal damage examples

Answer 27

damage to building or vehicle, such as arson

Question 28

drug offences examples

Answer 28

suppling or possessing heroin

Question 29

public order offence examples

Answer 29

rioting, being drunk and disorderly and illegal protesting

Question 30

social definition of crime

Answer 30

what people within a society consider criminal, may not match with the legal definition

Question 31

example of social crime not legal crime

Answer 31

legally acceptable levels of pollution, offshore bank accounts

Question 32

what is a formal criminal behaviour sanction

Answer 32

penalties imposed on a person committing a crime and vary according to the crime. imposed by police or courts

Question 33

what are the 2 types of court sanctions

Answer 33

custodial and community sentences, fines and discharge

Question 34

define custodial sentences

Answer 34

serious crimes tried in a crown court. offender will be detained in prison, young offenders or mental health institute.

Question 35

define community sentences

Answer 35

the court impose a community service where time is served in the community rather than in custody for example curfews, rehab, payback hours

Question 36

define fines

Answer 36

financial penalty varying depending on crime and offender history

Question 37

define conditional discharge

Answer 37

if defendant reoffends within a set time period, the sentence will be changed to be more severe

Question 38

define absolute discharge

Answer 38

when offender is guilty but action taken as offence was minor and court was enough of a deterrent. offender will receive a criminal record

Question 39

what are the 3 types of police sanctions

Answer 39

caution conditional caution penalty notice

Question 40

what is a caution

Answer 40

not a criminal conviction, but there is a record of this caution, age 10+, minor offences, offender must admit to the offence and agree to be cautioned and if refused they can be arrested

Question 41

what is a condition caution

Answer 41

offender needs to agree to certain conditions, breaking conditions such as a safe driving course could lead to being arrested and being charged with a criminal offence

Question 42

what is a penalty notice

Answer 42

age 18+, minor offences, if penalty is paid= no criminal conviction, can be appealed, leading to a trial