Unit 3.2

Question 1

Membrane proteins, transport types?

Answer 1

Channel and Carrier.

Question 2

Characteristics of carrier mediated proteins?

Answer 2

Small to medium size solutes
Specifically
Saturation(limit to asking if transport\ Tm)
Transport rate (number of carriers)
Compitition

Question 3

What are the two types of carrier mediate transports?

Answer 3

Passive transport - facilitated diffusion( use of a helper), no ATP needed because use of concentration gradient. Low to high.

Active transport - primary active and secondary active transport. Required energy, from high to low.

Question 4

What makes the reaction to create more carrier proteins?

Answer 4

Insulin.

Question 5

What are the characteristics of passive transport?

Answer 5

Facilitated diffusion(helper), no ATP needed.
Uses concentration gradient (low to high)

Question 6

What are the characteristics of active transport?

Answer 6

Primary active transport
Secondary active transport
Required ATP(high to low).

Question 7

The function of passive facilitated diffusion?

Answer 7

Carrier protein
Area of high to low concentration
Needs concentration gradient

Question 8

What is the type of facilitated diffusion for glucose?

Answer 8

Glucose transport=GLUT

Question 9

What is the function of primary active transport pumps?

Answer 9

Low to high
Directly uses ATP

Question 10

What is a example of primary active transport?

Answer 10

Calcium(+2) pump, low concentration to high inside cell.
Potassium\sodium(+) pump, 3 na+ oUT and 2 k+ in.

Question 11

Secondary active transport functions\characteristics?

Answer 11

Low to high.
Linked to pumps, if pumps stop(blockage) then secondary transport stops.
Not directly uses ATP.

Question 12

An example of Secondary active transport?

Answer 12

Na(+) w\ glucose symporter.
No need for ATP because Na+ uses glucose concentration gradient from high (inside) to low outside.

Question 13

What is the sodium hydrogen antiporter?

Answer 13

From high to low, sodium in and hydrogen out. It’s main function is to keep acidity in check.

Question 14

What is the difference between symporter and antiporter!

Answer 14

Symporter=same direction
Antiporter=different direction

Question 15

What is vescular transport?

Answer 15

Active transport
Assisted transport of large molecules
Requires ATP

Question 16

What are the three endocytosis?

Answer 16

Phagocytosis, big cell eater. ex)lympsome digest bacteria
Pinocytosis (cell drinker/smaller and mostly filled with water).
Receptor mediated endocytosis, binds with cytosis\receptors then starts digestion. ex)HIV and receptors mediate.

Question 17

What is the opposite of endocytosis (in)?

Answer 17

Exocytosis (out), during process membrane of vesicles fuses with plasma membrane and it’s contents are released.

Question 18

What are the three types of diffusions under passive transport?

Answer 18

Diffusion, Osmosis and facilitated diffusion.

Question 19

What are the three types of transport under active ?

Answer 19

Primary,, secondary and vesicular (endocytosis).

Question 20

What are the types of gates ion channels?

Answer 20

Voltage, chemical and mechanical.

Question 21

What is a leak channels and a example?

Answer 21

Ions that move down their concentration gradient through water filled channels.
K and Na leak channels.

Question 22

What is a ligand ?

Answer 22

A molecule that is needed to open ion bagged channels.

Question 23

What are the names for water channels?

Answer 23

Aquaporins , cab what’s be opened our regulated.

Question 24

What is membrane potential?

Answer 24

The difference of electrical charge across plasma membrane, measured in millivolts.

Question 25

What is the testing membrane potential?

Answer 25

-70mV

Question 26

What is the main leak channel?

Answer 26

Potassium and sodium ion leak channel.