Unit 2.1 Flashcards
How do chemical reactions work?
Reactants conjoin to make products and our brake down into individual pieces.
What does energy do when chemical bonds are broken down?
It gets released.
What does energy do when chemical bonds are newly formed.
It gets absorbed.
What is an example of a chemical reaction?
Sucrose + H20 –> Glucose +Frutose + Energy
What is rule #1 of chemical notation?
Number in front of each molecule tells you how many of each molecule participates in reaction.
What is rule #2 of chemical reactions.
The number of atoms of each element must equal on each side(balance).
What is rule #3 of chemical reactions?
Some chemical reactions can proceed in either direction.
What is rule #4 in chemical reactions?
Each chemical reaction needs an enzyme. Otherwise the reaction would occur so slowly the organism would die.
The most common ending for an enzyme is ?
-ase
Where is the enzyme located in on the reaction equation?
Over the arrow.
What are the 4 steps for an enzyme-substrate complex?
Substrate binds to enzyme, Substrate is converted to products, Products are released, Active site is available for another substrate, repeats.
What is Activation Energy?
The required energy for a reaction to occur.
What do enzymes do with the activation energy in a reaction?
Lower the activation energy.
What is another name for reactants?
Substrates.
What is the site on the enzyme where substrates temporarily binds?
Activation site.
What does Catalyze mean?
The beginning of a process or acceleration of a reaction.
What are the factors that affect enzyme activity?
Temparture, and pH.
Why does temparture affect enzyme activity?
As you increase temparture, the substrates and enzyme molecules move faster so they have a greater chance of colliding. If temp gets too high then the hydrogen and ionic bonds start to destroy the structure of bicarbonates (substrates and enzyme molecules). If temp decreases then enzymes move slower, less chance of collisions.
How does the pH balance affect enzyme activity?
As the pH changes it disrupts hydrogen bonds and so destroys the shape of the substrates and enzyme molecules.
Enzymes can?
Bind specific substrates, lower activation energy, bring substrates closer together or help break the bonds of substrates, maybe be used multiple times over for a specific reaction.
What is energy?
The capacity to do work(potential energy, kenetic energy).
Work?
Movement or change in physical structure of matter.
ATP?
Immediate source of energy that drives cellular work.
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate.
What is caused by the breakdown of ATP?
Released energy and transfers a phosphate group.
