Unit 2.1

Question 1

How do chemical reactions work?

Answer 1

Reactants conjoin to make products and our brake down into individual pieces.

Question 2

What does energy do when chemical bonds are broken down?

Answer 2

It gets released.

Question 3

What does energy do when chemical bonds are newly formed.

Answer 3

It gets absorbed.

Question 4

What is an example of a chemical reaction?

Answer 4

Sucrose + H20 –> Glucose +Frutose + Energy

Question 5

What is rule #1 of chemical notation?

Answer 5

Number in front of each molecule tells you how many of each molecule participates in reaction.

Question 6

What is rule #2 of chemical reactions.

Answer 6

The number of atoms of each element must equal on each side(balance).

Question 7

What is rule #3 of chemical reactions?

Answer 7

Some chemical reactions can proceed in either direction.

Question 8

What is rule #4 in chemical reactions?

Answer 8

Each chemical reaction needs an enzyme. Otherwise the reaction would occur so slowly the organism would die.

Question 9

The most common ending for an enzyme is ?

Answer 9

-ase

Question 10

Where is the enzyme located in on the reaction equation?

Answer 10

Over the arrow.

Question 11

What are the 4 steps for an enzyme-substrate complex?

Answer 11

Substrate binds to enzyme, Substrate is converted to products, Products are released, Active site is available for another substrate, repeats.

Question 12

What is Activation Energy?

Answer 12

The required energy for a reaction to occur.

Question 13

What do enzymes do with the activation energy in a reaction?

Answer 13

Lower the activation energy.

Question 14

What is another name for reactants?

Answer 14

Substrates.

Question 15

What is the site on the enzyme where substrates temporarily binds?

Answer 15

Activation site.

Question 16

What does Catalyze mean?

Answer 16

The beginning of a process or acceleration of a reaction.

Question 17

What are the factors that affect enzyme activity?

Answer 17

Temparture, and pH.

Question 18

Why does temparture affect enzyme activity?

Answer 18

As you increase temparture, the substrates and enzyme molecules move faster so they have a greater chance of colliding. If temp gets too high then the hydrogen and ionic bonds start to destroy the structure of bicarbonates (substrates and enzyme molecules). If temp decreases then enzymes move slower, less chance of collisions.

Question 19

How does the pH balance affect enzyme activity?

Answer 19

As the pH changes it disrupts hydrogen bonds and so destroys the shape of the substrates and enzyme molecules.

Question 20

Enzymes can?

Answer 20

Bind specific substrates, lower activation energy, bring substrates closer together or help break the bonds of substrates, maybe be used multiple times over for a specific reaction.

Question 21

What is energy?

Answer 21

The capacity to do work(potential energy, kenetic energy).

Question 22

Work?

Answer 22

Movement or change in physical structure of matter.

Question 23

ATP?

Answer 23

Immediate source of energy that drives cellular work.

Question 24

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 24

Adenosine triphosphate.

Question 25

What is caused by the breakdown of ATP?

Answer 25

Released energy and transfers a phosphate group.