Unit 3 Vocab

Question 1

Absolutism

Answer 1

-concept of government in Western Europe during 17th century
-monarchs who passed laws without parliaments and ran everything by themselves

Question 2

Divine right

Answer 2

-idea that monarchs are God’s representatives on earth

Question 3

Parliamentary monarchy

Answer 3

-originated in England and the Netherlands in 17th century
-kings are partially checked by significant legislative powers in parliament

Question 4

Proletariat

Answer 4

-A class of working people who don’t own property
-product of economic changes in 16th and 17th centuries

Question 5

Ethnocentrism

Answer 5

-regarding one’s own race/cultural group superior than others

Question 6

Hegemony

Answer 6

-predominant influence over another/others

Question 7

Janissaries

Answer 7

-ottoman infantry divisions that dominated their army
-great deal of political influence after 15th century

Question 8

Devshirme

Answer 8

-the ottoman empire’s policy of taking children from conquered Christians to be trained as Muslim soldiers

Question 9

Shah

Answer 9

-king
-title of the Mughal ruler

Question 10

Vizier

Answer 10

-head of Ottoman bureaucracy
-more powerful than sultan after 15th century

Question 11

Harem

Answer 11

-women in a Muslim household

Question 12

Sati

Answer 12

-Hindu ritual of sacrificing widows with their husband’s body

Question 13

Boyars

Answer 13

-landowning nobles in Russia
-less power than Western Europe counterparts

Question 14

Cossacks

Answer 14

-peasants recruited to migrate to southern Russia
-combined agriculture with military conquests

Question 15

Westernization

Answer 15

-to influence with ideas, customs, practices, etc.

Question 16

Multinational state

Answer 16

-an empire composed of many nations/cultures/relgions
-ex: Russia or Ottoman Empire

Question 17

Secular

Answer 17

-concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters

Question 18

Protestant

Answer 18

-a member of the Christian church based off of the Reformation

Question 19

Indulgences

Answer 19

-a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for sin
-sold by Catholic Church to gain money

Question 20

Predestination

Answer 20

-Christian doctrine that god has decided all things beforehand
-including when people get saved (John Calvin)

Question 21

Bhakti

Answer 21

-a popular Hindu movement centered around personal worship of gods
-especially popular with women