Unit 3 Vocab Flashcards
Absolutism
-concept of government in Western Europe during 17th century
-monarchs who passed laws without parliaments and ran everything by themselves
Divine right
-idea that monarchs are God’s representatives on earth
Parliamentary monarchy
-originated in England and the Netherlands in 17th century
-kings are partially checked by significant legislative powers in parliament
Proletariat
-A class of working people who don’t own property
-product of economic changes in 16th and 17th centuries
Ethnocentrism
-regarding one’s own race/cultural group superior than others
Hegemony
-predominant influence over another/others
Janissaries
-ottoman infantry divisions that dominated their army
-great deal of political influence after 15th century
Devshirme
-the ottoman empire’s policy of taking children from conquered Christians to be trained as Muslim soldiers
Shah
-king
-title of the Mughal ruler
Vizier
-head of Ottoman bureaucracy
-more powerful than sultan after 15th century
Harem
-women in a Muslim household
Sati
-Hindu ritual of sacrificing widows with their husband’s body
Boyars
-landowning nobles in Russia
-less power than Western Europe counterparts
Cossacks
-peasants recruited to migrate to southern Russia
-combined agriculture with military conquests
Westernization
-to influence with ideas, customs, practices, etc.
Multinational state
-an empire composed of many nations/cultures/relgions
-ex: Russia or Ottoman Empire
Secular
-concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters
Protestant
-a member of the Christian church based off of the Reformation
Indulgences
-a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for sin
-sold by Catholic Church to gain money
Predestination
-Christian doctrine that god has decided all things beforehand
-including when people get saved (John Calvin)
Bhakti
-a popular Hindu movement centered around personal worship of gods
-especially popular with women
