Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards
Kow-tow
-The act of deep respect shown by kneeling and bowing so one’s head touches the ground
-preformed before the Emperor of China by visiting diplomats
Tribute
-Payment in money, goods, or labor to a government
-china and Western Europe
Neo-Confucianism
-philosophy that merged Confucianism, Buddhist, and Daoist though
-developed during the song dynasty
-became state religion of china in Ming dynasty
Sinifcation
Extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions
Vassal state
A state with varying degrees of independence in its internal affairs, but dominated by another state in foreign affairs (tributary state)
Bushido
-“the way of the warrior”
-unwritten behavior code of samurai in Japan
-emphasized virtues of loyalty, mastery of martial arts, and honor to the death
Daimyo
Powerful territorial warlords in early Japan
Samurai
-Mounted troops
-loyal to local lords, not the emperor
Shogun
-Japanese military general (practical leader of Japan)
Bakufu (shogunate)
-the feudal military dictatorship of Japan from 1192-1868
-means “tent government”
Caliph
-political and religious successor to Muhammad
Caliphate
-a form of Islamic government led by a caliph
-the office or jurisdiction of a caliph
Sharia
-a body of law governing the lives of Muslims
Dhimmi
-“people of the book”
-included Christian, Jews, and eventually Zoroastrians, Hindus, and Buddhists in Islamic territories
Dar al-Islam
-“house of Islam”
-refers to lands under Islamic rule
Jizya
-a yearly tax on dhimmi’s (non-Muslims) who are living permanently in Islamic land
Umma
-a community of Muslims bound together by religion
Manorial system
-describes economic relations between landlords and peasant laborers
-involved obligations that exchanged labor or rent for access to land and protection
Feudalism
-social and political organization of the Middle Ages where lands were exchanged for oaths of allegiance and promise of loyal service
Chivalry
-unwritten code for European knights
-stressed ideals like courage, loyalty, and devotion
Serfdom
-form of coercive labor
-peasant legally bound to live on a lord’s estate
Monasticism
-way of life where one renounces worldly pursuits to devote fully to spiritual work
Corvee labor
-annual tax that is payable by labor
-used to complete state projects, and maintain roads and public facilities
Split inheritance
-Inca practice of ruler descent
-all titles and political power went to successor, but wealth and land went to male descendants
Sovereignty
-exclusive right to exercise supreme authority over a region or group of poeple
Mita
-labor extracted form lands assigned to the state and religion
-all communities were to contribute
-essential part of Inca control
Chinampas
-artificially built floating field on a shallow lake bed
-used by Aztecs to grow corn
