Unit 3 Lab 7 Flashcards
what are some things put in the tubes during the enzyme spit experiment?
saliva, starch, HCL, juice, and cold and warm temperatures, and iodine
what does iodine do in the enzyme spit experiment
it will turn the tube clear if most digested and purple if less digested
what is mechanical digestion
mechanically breaking food into smaller pieces
what are some examples of mechanical digestion
-mastication, peristalsis, segmentations
what does mastication
the mouth
where does peristalsis occur
esophagus/stomach
where do segmentations occur
small intestine
what happens in peristalsis
contractions and relaxations of muscular to move food onward; churn and mix food
what happens in segmentation
smooth muscle contractions that create back and forth movements to mix chyme with digestive enzymes
what is chemical digestion
enzymatic breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones
what is the difference between catabolism and anabolism
anabolism builds things catabolism breaks things down
what do amylases do
digest polysaccharides (carbohydrates)
what do lipase do
break down lipids (fats)
what do proteases/peptidases do
breakdown proteins
what is the difference between contraction and relaxation movements in segmentation and peristalsis
in peristalsis adjacent segments of the alimentary canal organs relax and contract but in segmentation nonadjacent segments of the alimentary canal organs contract and relax
what are enzymes
protein molecules that act as biological catalysts
what do enzymes do
- act on substrates to produce products
- speed up the rate of chemical reactions
- work better when there is a greater surface area
- have optimal environmental conditions like temp and pH
how could having a fever affect enzyme activity
it can denature them
describe lipids
non polar and hydrophobic so they don’t dissolve readily in GI tract
what do soaps do?
separate lipids, but do not chemically break them down
what does bile do
separates lipids to increase the surface area for lipase to act
is bile and enzyme
no
how must the diet change when the gallbladder is removed
low fat diet
in the cracker experiment how does the taste change after its been sitting in your mouth
it becomes sweeter
