Unit 3 - AOS 1 - CH 1.3 - Nucleic acids as info molecules Flashcards
Monomor and polymer
Monomer = one
Polymer = many
CARBOHYDRATES
Monomer = monosacchoride
Polymer = polysaccharide
PROTEINS
Monomer = amino acids
Polymer = polypeptides
LIPIDS
Monomer = glyceral, fatty acid
Polymer = lipid
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Monomer = Nucelotides
Polymer = Nucelic acid
Nucelotide
- Monomer of nucelic acid
Structure
1. Sugar molecule
2. Phosphate group
3. 1 of 4 nitrogenous bases
Gene
Section of DNA that codes for a protein
Deoxyribonucelic Acid (DNA) Structure
- Double helix (x2 chains of nucelotides)
- Sugar (deoxyribose)
- Hydrogen bonds connect complimentary bases (A,T,C,G)
- Phosphodiester connect 2 side by side nucleotides
Info about hydrogen bonds between base pairs
A & T = 2 hydrogen bonds and adenine always joins to thymine
C & G = 3 hydrogen bonds and guanine always joins to cytosine
(Double ring = Purine) = A & G
(Single ring = Pyrimidines) = T & G
Function adn structure of Ribonucleic Acid
Structure:
- Single chain of nucleotides
- Sugar (ribose) -> oxygen is present
- Nitrogenous bases (A, U, C, G)
Function:
-Seliver instructions from DNA to ribosome
mRNA
= Messenger RNA
Location: Nucelus -> ribosomes
Function:
- Delivers copy of the matre DNA code to ribosome
- Once ribosome has mRNA it can then build proteins thorugh translation
tRNA
= Transfer RNA
Location: Cytosol
Function:
- Transfer amino acids from cytosol to ribosome
- has an anticodon to ensure the delvery of the correct amino acid
rRNA=
= Ribosomal RNA
Location: Ribosomes
- main component of ribosomes
- rRNA bonds with special proteins to form a ribosome
Compare and contrast RNA and DNA
Similarities:
- Nucelotides, phosphatem cytosine, guanine, adenine
Differences:
- DNA = Deoxyribose, double helix thymine
- RNA = Ribose, single sranded, Uracil
