Unit 3 Flashcards
Perception
interpretation of the info we obtain through our 5 sense
Bottom up processing
takes all sensory info to the brain for processing
Sensory transduction
process where you take all the stimuli and it’s translated into neural energy
Sensation
info we receive from our 5 senses
Transducers
receptor cells that convert the stimuli into neural energy
Absolute threshold
minimum amount that can be detected 50% of the time
Signal Detection Theory
there are psychological reasons that we’re able to detect
Difference threshold
just noticeable difference - measures the difference threshold - needs to be 2%
how much stimuli changes before we notice
Weber’s law
not the amount changed but the percentage
the larger and stronger stimuli the more changes needed to detect the difference
ex:sweet tea, loud music
Sensory activity
accuracy of our senses
Perceptual Set
a way we process the world based off experience, context, motivation, etc
expectations
Top down processing
starts at the brain
uses context, prior knowledge to give something meaning
Inattention Blindness
become so focused we miss other things
Sensory adaption
receptor cells
decline in receptor activity when stimuli is unchanging
ex: getting use to a cold pool
Sensory habituation
response
not that you don’t notice anymore but you don’t react anymore
Subliminal Perception
perception of stimulus
Sclera
gives people red eyes
shape + substance
white part of eye
Cornea
protects your eye
first place light enters
the transplantiable organ
Pupil
dark circle in your eye
it’s a hole in your eye where light goes
gets bigger and smaller depending on emotion
Iris
colored portion of eye
controls pupil
it’s a muscle that controls the opening of the pupil
Lense
behind the pupil
allows you to see depth
bends light rays
Accommodation
glasses
Retina
contains all the receptor cells
damage to retina - go blind
Rods
on the outside
brightness and darkness
greyscale
Cones
detects color
red blue and green
(bonus - what is the center part of cone answer: fovea)
Bipolar
connects to ganglion
Ganglion cell
connects to optic nerve
Optic nerve
gets everything up to your brain
Blind spot
each eye has one that the other compensates for
Optic chiasm
where the optic nerves cross
Thalamus
Occipital Lobe
Binocular/ Stereoscope vision
you have 2 eyes and tg make one image
Hubel-Wiesel theory
critical period of age where at the age of 2 your brain has to process vision for develope neurons
bonus - what are the neurons? answer: feature detector
Parallel processing
being able to see/do more than one thing at a time
AKA multi-task
Light + Color
lightwave in the air
Visual Spectrum
colors/wavelengths we are visible too
(color wheel)
Young Helminte theory
defect in the cones
(bonus - what color are the cones?
red, green, blue)
Hering theory/ opponent process theory
cones are paired the retina one color at the certain point and you cannot at the same moment time see its opposing color
Depth + Distance Perception
seeing 3D: developed in infancy
Walk and Gibson Visual Cliff
used to measure depth and distance
Binocular cues
need both eyes
Retinal disparity
by comparing images from two eyes the brain computed the distance
one is closer to
Convergence
movement of the eye muscle
going crossed eye
Monocular cues
need one eye to detect
Interposition
gives the appearance of something being closer + illusion
position infront
Motion parallax
- have to have motion
things that are closer = moving faster
things that are farther = moving slower
Phi phenomenon
illusion of movement
Stroboscopic movement
illusion of movement of still images
Texture gradient
amount of detail
closer - you can see the details
father - more blurry
Linear perspective
like train tracks idfk
Relative size
size, shape and color constancy
Gestalt perception
perceive images as a whole
Figure ground
identify figure + background
Law of pagans
you see things in their simplest form
ex: you don’t see lines and shapes you see a glasses
Closure
fill in missing info
Similarity
grouping by similarity + grouping principle
Proximity
group by how near one another
Law of Continxuly
we see things as continued
