Unit 20, 21 Flashcards
right coronary artery (RCA)
supplies the inferior wall of the heart and the right ventricle
right marginal artery
supplies blood to the right ventricle
left coronary artery
supplies blood to the left side of the heart
12 lead ECG
takes picture of heart at different angles to see blockage or delay of electrical current
when do you use 12 lead instead of 4 lead
STEMI
ST- elevation myocardial infarction
if wave doesn’t go back to basline before going to northing
atherosclerosis
refers to fatty plaque buildup within the wall of a coronary artery
stenosis
narrowing of a blood vessel
diastole
a phase of contraction where the coronary arteries are perfused
what is STEMI caused by
caused by a complete occlusion of a coronary artery that results in ST segment elevation
unstable angina
ischemic chest pain that occurs at rest without ECG or cardiac enzyme changes
left anterior descending (LAD)
coronary artery supplying the anterior wall of the heart
left circumflex (LCX)
coronary artery supplying the lateral wall of the left ventricle
subendocardial ischemia
represents the ST segment depression on an ECG in the context of ischemic chest pain
how much aspirin do you give
325 mg
four 81 mg chewable
pericarditis
STEMI mimic that is the result of inflammation of the pericardium, that may result in widespread, concave ST elevation
percutaneous intervention (PCI)
the standard of care for STEMI in the hospital
anginal equivalents
signs of myocardial ischemia other than chest pains
acute coronary syndrome
blanket term that includes unstable angina, STEMI, and NSTEMI
treatments for ischemic chest pain
aspirin, nitroglycerin, oxygen if needed, narcotic analgesics
if you want to give Nitroglycerin make sure:
blood pressure is 99mmHG
infarction
death of heart tissue due to ischemia
STEMI positive
1mm or more of ST elevation in 2 or more contiguous limb leads is positive for STEMI
cariogenic pulmonary edema is most like to be the result of ____ ventricular infarct
left
sgarbossa
criteria to identify STEMI in the presence of LBBB (left bundle branch block)
how much nitroglycerin
3 doses (1 ever 5 mins)
(if u want more, call medic control)
angina caused by and relieved
due to strenuous activity
insufficient blood flow to myocardium, narrowed arteries
relieved with nitro or rest
myocardial infarction caused by and relieved
occur at any time not relieved by rest
anytime patient complains of chest pain
put on a 12 lead
angina treatment
oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin, 12 lead
acute myocardial infarction
THROMBUS
-occlusion of blood flow caused by formation rough inner surface of diseased artery
-can break loose and form embolism
acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can cause
-Ischemia (injury & death of cell)
-Dysrhythmia (electrical issue)
- cardiogenic shock
-sudden death (cardiac arrest within 2 hours)
how do they treat AMI at the hospital
-fibrinolytics (therapy)
-balloon angiplasty
-aspirin
-beta blocker (slows heart, widens blood vessels for more BP)
left sided chronic heart failure
coughing up pink frothy sputum
Aneurysm
-Weakened sections of arterial walls begin to dilate
(balloon).
-Bursting can cause rapid, life-threatening internal
bleeding.
