Quiz 2, 5,6 Flashcards
can live in dried blood for days and should be major concern for EMS providers even while cleaning contaminated equipment
Hep B
group at greatest risk of contracting and transmitting tuberculosis
Immunosuppressed patients
The CDC recommends using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer in all except which situation
the provider’s hands come into contact with fecal matter.
The tuberculin skin test (TST), formerly known as the purified protein derivative (PPD) test, is used to:
detect a person’s exposure to tuberculosis.
form of stress that can cause immediate and long-term problems with an EMT’s health and well-being
distress
what part of the nervous system is responsible for the “fight or flight” response experienced in response to a stressor
Sympathetic nervous system
What is the distinction between anatomy and physiology
Anatomy is the study of body structures, and physiology is the study of body function.
What is the primary reason for an EMT to use specific and proper medical terminology?
Medical communication needs to be exact and consistent.
What word would be used to refer to a patient’s rapid breathing?
Tachypnea
You and your newly hired EMT partner arrive on the scene of a bicycle collision at the local community park. One cyclist stands by and says that she has no injuries. The other is lying on his side on the bike path, guarding his ribs and holding the lower part of his left leg. Your partner kneels next to the man, introduces herself, and asks, “Can you ambulate?” The patient looks up, confused and in obvious pain. “Can you ambulate? You know…walk?” Your partner says, a little louder. After transporting the patient, you discuss the call with your partner and suggest that she avoid using medical terms unnecessarily when talking with patients. She seems insulted and says, “Why?” What would you say?
Tell her that the point of communicating with patients and other providers is so there is clear understanding; using medical terms when not necessary can cause confusion
what is the anatomic position?
Standing, facing forward, with arms at the side, palms forward
another term for the frontal aspect of the body
anterior
the wrist is ________ to the elbow
distal
what is the the location of the mid-axillary line?
A line from the center of the armpit, extending vertically down the side of the chest
To check the distal pulse of a patient with an injury to the forearm, the EMT would check for a pulse in which location?
wrist
Your 79-year-old female patient appears to show all signs and symptoms of a stroke. Her level of consciousness has rapidly deteriorated, she is now unconscious, and she can no longer control her own airway. While you intervene to manage her airway, the best position in which to keep fluid or vomitus from occluding her airway would be the:
recovery position
You respond to a large concert venue where a number of spectators are reported to be severely intoxicated. You are directed to an area where several patients appear to be unconscious, lying face down on the ground. The position of these patients is described as:
prone
A postal worker has been attacked by a dog during her mail delivery route. The patient is a 54-year-old female with several dog bites on her lower extremities and left arm. The worst of these bites is located on the back of her right leg just above the ankle. How can you explain the location of this injury using anatomical landmarks?
The bite is located on the posterior aspect of the calf distal to the knee.
What are the abdominal regions created by drawing two imaginary lines intersecting at the navel?
Abdominal quadrants
lateral
to the side
fowlers position
sitting upright with legs straight
describe medical conditon of shock
A state of inadequate tissue perfusion
Automaticity
the heart muscle’s ability to generate its own electrical impulses
Smooth muscle
controls the size of the bronchioles in the lungs
artery
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
a clot cannot form without
platelets
capillaries
Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the blood and cells of the body
You have been dispatched to the site of a construction accident where a 36-year-old male patient was moderately cut by some machinery. His left arm has a 4” deep laceration that appears to have stopped bleeding with the gauze and direct pressure applied by his coworkers. Your knowledge of physiology suggests that which component of blood was partially responsible for forming clotting factors to stop the bleeding?
platelets
What condition of immediate concern results from a loss of red blood cells due to hemorrhage?
Decreased oxygen delivery to the tissues
systolic blood pressure
the pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into circulation
dorsalis pedis
pulse palpated on the top of the foot
primary function of the stomach
chemical and mechanical breakdown of food by acidic secretions
reproduction system
group of organs and glands designed for the specific purpose of reproduction
Your unit has arrived on the scene of a multiple vehicle collision where several vehicles have rear-ended each other. You are directed by the incident commander to care for a 23-year-old female in the first vehicle. The firefighter on-scene holding manual spinal immobilization indicates that her primary complaint is back pain from her head whipping back and forth from the impact. Your understanding of the anatomy of the spinal column and vertebrae suggests that this type of mechanism of injury results in frequent injuries to which part of the spinal column?
Cervical spine
what is the inferior-most portion of the sternum
xiphoid process
what is the largest bone of the lower leg
tibia
What two body systems are critical for the life support chain?
Respiratory and cardiovascular systems
What is the long bone of the upper portion of the arm?
humerus
what body system primarily produces hormones?
endocrine
What are the 3 stages of stress?
Alarm reaction, Resistance and Exhaustion
What are three types of stress?
Acute, delayed (PTSD) and cummulative
Your patient is an 84-year-old male with difficulty breathing and peripheral edema. He tells you he has been suffering for many years with “heart failure” and his condition is worsening, especially with trouble breathing at night. Your knowledge of cardiovascular physiology suggests that his condition could have resulted from the failure of either the right or left side of his heart. Which chamber of the heart is the strongest, most muscular part of the heart and is primarily responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the rest of the body?
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left ventricle
D. Left atrium
C. Left ventricle
Which of the following structures or tissues is NOT part of the musculoskeletal system?
A. Acetabulum
B. Tendons
C. Ligaments
D. Fat
D. Fat
What is the long bone of the upper portion of the arm?
A. Ulna
B. Scapula
C. Humerus
D. Radius
C. Humerus
Which of the following BEST describes the medical condition of shock?
A. A state of inadequate tissue perfusion
B. Delayed capillary refill
C. Hypotension
D. An extreme emotional reaction to a stressful event
A. A state of inadequate tissue perfusion
Which of the following is the primary function of the stomach?
A. Production of bile
B. Chemical breakdown of food by acidic secretions
C. Absorption of water from food products
D. Absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream
B. Chemical breakdown of food by acidic secretions
You are caring for a 47-year-old male patient with classical chest pain suggestive of a myocardial infarction. Based on your understanding of the cardiovascular system, you know he could be suffering from damage, narrowing, or blockage of what arteries?
A. Pulmonary arteries
B. Brachial arteries
C. Coronary arteries
D. Femoral arteries
C. Coronary arteries
Which of the following terms describes the heart muscle’s ability to generate its own electrical impulses?
A. Pelvis
B. Patella
C. Femur
D. Carpals
D. Carpals
Which of the following structures allows food to move from the mouth to the stomach?
A. Duodenum
B. Trachea
C. Esophagus
D. Venae cavae
C. Esophagus
hy should an EMT avoid the use of acronyms and abbreviations when communicating?
A. Using acronyms and abbreviations is considered unprofessional.
B. There is a chance that they can lead to errors in continued care for the patient.
C. They should only be avoided in verbal communications, where they can be misunderstood; they are expected in written patient care reports.
D. The medical acronyms and abbreviations used by prehospital care providers and hospital staff are different.
B. There is a chance that they can lead to errors in continued care for the patient.
Which of the following BEST describes the location of the mid-axillary line?
A. A line from the center of the armpit, extending vertically down the side of the chest
B. A line drawn horizontally from one armpit to the other, across the front of the body
C. A line drawn vertically from the xiphoid process to the pubic bone
D. A line drawn diagonally from the outer end of the clavicle to the navel
A. A line from the center of the armpit, extending vertically down the side of the chest
When discussing left and right in terms of anatomic locations, what do they refer to?
A. Left and right from the patient’s perspective
B. Anatomic left and right refer to the provider’s left and right orientation when facing a patient in the anatomic position.
C. Whoever is speaking about the anatomic location determines left and right orientation.
D. What left and right refer to anatomically is dependent on the patient’s positioning when care is provided
A. Left and right from the patient’s perspective
What mode of transmission most accurately describes the route of spreading hepatitis A?
Fecal-oral
While transporting a patient to the hospital who has a history of terminal brain cancer, the patient says, “I know I’m going to die, but first I want to see my grandson graduate from high school.” What stage of death and dying describes this patient’s current condition?
Bargaining
