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EMT > unit 16, 7, 17 quiz > Flashcards

unit 16, 7, 17 quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

trending

A

changes in a patients condition over time, such as slowing respirations or riding pulse

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2
Q

Nitroglycerin is indicated for which of the following chief​ complaints?
A.
Headache
B.
Decreased level of consciousness
C.
Difficulty breathing
D.
Chest pain

A

D.
Chest pain

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3
Q

You are on the scene at a fancy hotel room for a​ 60-year-old male patient who calls 911 at 10 p.m. for chest pains. He states he was about to go to bed when he suddenly had chest pain that would not go away. He rates his pain as a 7 out of 10 and is diaphoretic. His vital signs are​ stable, and he takes medications for​ hypertension, high​ cholesterol, and erectile dysfunction. The patient is allergic to morphine. After placing the patient on​ oxygen, you contact medical control and​ request:
A.
to administer aspirin to the patient.
B.
to administer both aspirin and nitroglycerin to the patient.
C.
no orders.
D.
to administer nitroglycerin to the patient.

A

A.
to administer aspirin to the patient.

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4
Q

A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should:

A

assess the adequacy of his respirations

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5
Q

a 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours’ duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, her respirations are 22 breaths/min, and her oxygen saturation is 92%. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should:

A

administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further

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6
Q

What is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children?

A

A. Respiratory compromise

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7
Q

The mother of a 5-year-old female states that her daughter has been “sick” with a sore throat and fever for several days. The mother became concerned tonight and called 911 because the child was “making funny noises” and could not breathe. Your assessment reveals a lethargic, well-developed child sitting upright and with high-pitched tracheal noises when she breathes. Of the following, what is the priority action?

A

C. Administering supplemental oxygen.

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8
Q

How many breaths per minute is normal for a child who is breathing adequately?

A

15 to 30

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9
Q

Within minutes of administering Proventil (albuterol) to a patient through her metered-dose inhaler (MDI), she is breathing easier and states that she feels much better. An Emergency Medical Responder on scene asks you how the medication in the MDI helped the patient. Which one of the following responses would be most appropriate?

A

A. “The medication in the inhaler relaxes and opens up the small airways in the lungs.”

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10
Q

You have been dispatched for a young child with difficulty breathing. As you enter the apartment, which one of the following scene clues would best indicate that the patient is experiencing a problem in her upper airway?

A

A. Striderous noises with inspiration

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11
Q

A son has called 911 for his father, who is having difficulty breathing. On scene the 81-year-old patient is lethargic and lying on a couch in the living room and is in obvious respiratory distress. He is confused, but has an open airway. His respirations are 30 per minute and his skin is extremely diaphoretic with cyanosis in the fingertips. At this time, the EMT should:

A

C. Start positive pressure ventilation

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12
Q

1.Under the direction and supervision of medical control, an EMT is
permitted to administer, or assist the patient in administering, all of the
following medications EXCEPT:
A. nitroglycerin.
B. oxygen.
C. Tylenol
D. oral glucose

A

C. Tylenol

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13
Q

e medication that an EMT may administer, when directed by medical
control, for a poison that has been swallowed is:
A. oxygen.
B. epinephrine.
C. activated charcoal.
D.a prescribed inhaler.

A

C. activated charcoal.

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14
Q

.Some EMS systems allow EMTs to administer __________ to counter
an overdose of narcotics.
A. Xopenex C. naloxone
B. Proventil D.epinephrine

A

C. naloxone

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15
Q

4.Prescribed inhalers and epinephrine autoinjectors have a similar effect
on patients in that they can:
A. increase heart rates. C. dilate blood vessels.
B. lower blood pressure. D. lower sugar levels.

A

A. increase heart rates

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16
Q

5.Epinephrine is an example of a drug’s:
A. chemical name. C. generic name.
B. trade name. D. brand name

A

C. generic name.

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17
Q

6.Specific signs or circumstances under which it is not appropriate to
administer a drug are known as:
A. indications. C. protocols.
B. side effects. D.contraindications

A

contraindications

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18
Q

7.Fluids from an intravenous line that flow into the surrounding tissues
are called:
A. swelling. C. occlusion.
B. infiltration. D.infarction

A

B. infiltration.

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19
Q

8.A severe allergic reaction to a bee sting would be treated by administering:
A. oral glucose. C. epinephrine.
B. nitroglycerin. D.activated charcoal.

A

C. epinephrine

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20
Q

9.Medications administered sublingually are:
A. swallowed. C. dissolved under the tongue.
B. inhaled. D.injected under the skin

A

C. dissolved under the tongue.

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21
Q
  1. Crushing chest pain in a patient with a known history of heart problems would be treated by administering:
    A. epinephrine. C. albuterol.
    B. oral glucose. D. nitroglycerin
A

D. nitroglycerin

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22
Q

You have an elder male who is in cardiac arrest. When you arrive bystanders are doing good CPR, you can confirm the pt is not breathing and has no pulse, you should

A

Apply AED and do as indicated

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23
Q

What is a contraindication for nitro

A

ED drugs

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24
Q

you have a 24 yr old female with asthma who is struggling to breath, she does not like the BVM, you should

A

transport and contact med control

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25
Q

Which of the following gets an AED?

A.40 yr old female who is hypoxic
B. 22 yr old male have chest pain
C. 7 yr old kid who is pulseless and apic
D. all the above

A

C. 7 yr old kid who is pulseless and apic

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26
Q

When auscultating breath sounds, the EMT should recognize rhonchi when he hears which of the following sounds?

A

A. Rattling-like noises that decrease when the patient coughs

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27
Q

You are delivering positive pressure ventilations to a patient who is breathing poorly with absent breath sounds to the right lung. Which of the following instructions would you provide to those who are ventilating the patient?

A

D. “Use the minimal tidal volume possible, just enough to make the chest rise and fall.”

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28
Q

Side affects of a pt inhaler are

A

make them have tremmers (neurological shaking)

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29
Q

Which of the follow is a medication for an asthma attack
A. abueteral
B. Profientinal
C. Aspiren
D. A & B

A

D. all of them but aspiren

30
Q

what is a benefit of nitro

A

it diolates the vessels throughout the body

31
Q

What do betablockers do and what are they bad for

A

Keep HR at a slower rate. Bad for trauma pt

32
Q

you have an elder male with severe chest pain, you would not

A

put on an AED

33
Q

1 cause of COPD is

A

smoking

34
Q

You are transporting a 4 year old female who you found sitting in a chair with labored respirations, inspiratory stridor, and drooling. Which one of the following signs would warrant immediate reassessment?

A

B. The stridor disappears

35
Q

The EMT is correctly assessing for accessory muscle use when he examines what part of the body?

A

C. Chest

36
Q

A patient in respiratory distress is exhibiting pursed lip breathing. You realize that he is doing this to:

A

C. keep the small airways open

37
Q

An alert and distressed 72-year-old male with a history of congestive heart failure is in severe respiratory distress, breathing 28 to 32 times a minute. His airway is patent, respirations labored, and skin diaphoretic with a weak and rapid radial pulse. Vital signs are: pulse 136, respirations 28, blood pressure 202/110 mmHg, and SpO2 83%. Cyanosis is evident in the fingertips. The best treatment of his breathing would be

A

CPAP (continous positive airway pressure)

38
Q

Which portion of the heart, when weakened by a heart attack, is responsible for causing fluid to back up into and engorge the lung tissue?

A

C. Left ventricle

39
Q

In the blood, what component is responsible for the formation of blood clots?

A

D. Plateles

40
Q

A patient with chest pain and shortness of breath informs you that the last time he had a heart attack, he went into heart failure. When performing your secondary assessment, which one of the following signs or symptoms is most indicative that the patient is in heart failure again?

A

A. crackles in the lungs

41
Q

To administer aspirin in the prehospital setting, which of the following must be satisfied?

A

C. Approval from medical direction

42
Q

You are transporting a patient who had an episode of chest pain. On scene you assisted him in taking his nitroglycerin, which completely, alleviated the chest pain. En route to the hospital, he asks you why the nitroglycerin takes the chest pain away. Which one of the following is the most appropriate response?

A

D. “It dilates the blood vessels, which decreases the workload of the heart.”

43
Q

You have been called for a 56-year-old female complaining of chest pain. She informs you that she takes nitroglycerin and asks you to get it off of the top of her refrigerator. You find it is a clear glass jar hand labeled “nitroglycerin.” Which of the following is the most appropriate response?

A

“It is best to keep the nitro in a dark container since light will inactivate it.”

44
Q

Which statement would the EMT expect from a patient with unstable angina?

A

A. the chest pain awakens me from my nighttime sleep.

45
Q

You are caring for a 69-year-old male who is short of breath and in congestive heart failure. He is alert, anxious, and panicked with an open airway and rapid shallow respirations. His heart rate is tachycardic, and his skin is cool and diaphoretic with cyanosis noted to the lips and fingers. There are crackles noted to both lungs, as well as pedal edema to both feet. He denies chest pain or discomfort, but is having a difficult time speaking due to the shortness of breath. When caring for this patient, you should:

A

Apply continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

46
Q

Your patient is complaining of chest pain that radiates into his neck and arms. The primary assessment reveals a patent airway, adequate breathing, and a strong, regular radial pulse. His skin is warm and dry, and reveals no signs of inadequate perfusion. Which of the following should you do next?

A

B. Check vital signs

47
Q

which of the following patient statements should cause the EMT to suspect an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

I have belly pain that I also feel in my back

48
Q

The primary pacemaking site in the heart is the

A

sinoatrial node

49
Q

The sympathetic nervous system will cause the heart to

A

increase the heart rate

50
Q

On an EKG, the EMT would understand the QRS to represent

A

Contraction of the ventricles

51
Q

The EMT would recognize which therapy as the best for definitely treating an ST elevation myocardial infraction? (AMI)?

A

Angioplasty

52
Q

a patient informs you that he has a hard time breathing when he lies in bed. You would best document this as:

A

orthopnea

53
Q

A 71-year-old male with a cardiac history and lower abdominal and back pain has called 911 for help. On scene, you detect a large pulsatile mass in his abdomen. With the exception of skin that is diaphoretic, the primary assessment indicates no life threats to the airway, breathing, or circulation. He has a history of hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and is allergic to sulfa-based medications. Vital signs are pulse 92, respirations 20, blood pressure 130/66, and SpO 2 95% on room air. What action would make you intervene immediately?

A

“I am going to take my daily aspirin since I did not take it this morning.”

54
Q

A patient is very dizzy and altered in mental status. Vital signs are: pulse 84, respiration 16, blood pressure 74/32, and SpO2 93%. Medical direction has ordered the paramedic to start and IV infusion of a medication that causes vasoconstriction. You would recognize that the medication is benefiting the patient when you observe

A

Blood pressure 110/64

55
Q

a patient who is chronically hypoxic because of anemia most likely has a problem with what component of the cardiovascular system?

A

Red blood cells

56
Q

you have a 60 yr old female with severe difficulty breathing, which should be done before giving O2
A. LISITEN TO LUNG SOUNDS,
B. CHECK O2 SAT,
C. CHECK HISTORY
D. NONE OF THE ABOVE GIVE O2

A

D

57
Q

1.The process of converting glucose and other nutrients into the form of
ATP is called:
A. metabolism. C. respiration.
B. lysis. D.evaporation

A

A. metabolism

58
Q

2.Important chemicals in the body that separate into charged particles
when dissolved in water are called:
A. molecules. C. cells.
B. electrolytes. D.phospholipids.

A

electrolytes

59
Q

3.The process of metabolism that uses oxygen is called:
A. aerobic metabolism. C. hydrolysis.
B. anaerobic metabolism. D.synthesis.

A

A. aerobic metabolism

60
Q

4.The fraction of the concentration of oxygen in the air that people
breathe is called:
A. SPO2. C. CO2.
B. SAO2. D. FiO2.

A

D. FiO2.

61
Q

5.An airway that is open to allow air to move in and out is called:
A. active. C. palliated.
B. patent. D.perfect.

A

B. patent.

62
Q

6.The volume of air that is moved in and out during one breathing cycle
is called:
A. hourly volume. C. minute volume.
B. inspired volume. D.tidal volume.

A

D.tidal volume.

63
Q

7.The air inside the space between the mouth and the lungs is called the:
A. airway space. C. live air space.
B. ventilation space. D.dead air space.

A

D.dead air space.

64
Q

8.Specific receptors in the brain and vessels that register oxygen and carbon dioxide levels are called:
A. baroreceptors. C. microvilli.
B. chemoreceptors. D.carboxyreceptors.

A

B. chemoreceptors

65
Q

9.The force exerted by proteins in the blood that tends to attract water
away from the area around the body cells and pulls it toward the bloodstream is called:
A. hydrostatic pressure. C. cellular osmotic pressure.
B. plasma oncotic pressure. D. attractive pressure

A

B. plasma oncotic pressure.

66
Q

_ 10. Pressure created inside the blood vessels that pushes fluid out of the
vessels is called:
A. plasma oncotic pressure. C. partial pressure.
B. hydrostatic pressure. D.
cellular osmotic pressure.

A

B

67
Q
  1. Specialized cells that measure the pressure inside blood vessels are
    called:
    A. chemoreceptors. C. oncotic receptors.
    B. fluid receptors. D.stretch receptors.
A

D

68
Q
  1. The amount of blood that returns to the heart prior to contraction is
    called:
    A. afterload. C. contractility.
    B. preload. D.stroke volume
A

B

69
Q
  1. The amount of blood moved by the heart in one minute is called:
    A. stroke volume. C. cardiac output.
    B. preload. D.afterload.
A

C

70
Q

Hypoperfusion is another name for:
A. shock. C. stress.
B. distress. D.V/Q mismatch.

A

A

71
Q
  1. An exaggerated response by the immune system to a particular substance is called:
    A. hyperperfusion. C. hypersensitivity.
    B. hypertrophy. D. hypermetabolism.
A

C

EMT (18 decks)

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