Test 31, 20, 21, 19

Question 1

You are dispatched to a 42-year-old male who was shot in the abdomen and thrown from a vehicle. The patient is critical and high-category trauma; however, due to the mechanism of injury, it is necessary to backboard the patient prior to transport. What is an important assessment before securing the patient?

Answer 1

Examining the patient for entrance and exit would

Question 2

You are palpating the abdomen of a motor vehicle collision patient when you feel a pulsating mass. You should:

Answer 2

defer further abdominal palpation.

Question 3

You are treating a patient with paradoxical motion on the left side of the chest. He is breathing is shallow at a rate of 4 breaths per minute. You should:

Answer 3

begin positive pressure ventilation.

Question 4

What is a drawback to using sterile aluminum foil as an occlusive dressing?

Answer 4

The foil may lacerate eviscerated organs.

Question 5

Which of the following is an accurate definition of a flail chest?

Answer 5

A section of the chest wall that is unstable, leading to breathing problems

Question 6

The mechanism of injury in which a patient’s chest has struck an immovable object, such as a steering wheel, may most accurately be described as a(n):

Answer 6

compression injury

Question 7

Which of the following describes the proper application of an occlusive dressing for an open chest wound?

Answer 7

Apply an occlusive dressing to each penetrating wound.

Question 8

A patient with jugular vein distention is most likely suffering from which of the following injuries?

Answer 8

Tension pneumothorax

Question 9

Which of the following best describes an evisceration?

Answer 9

Open wound of the abdomen from which organs protrude

Question 10

You have covered an open chest wound with your gloved hand, and the patient’s breathing has improved. In order to free your hand to provide further care, you should:

Answer 10

cover the wound with an occlusive dressing.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the potential benefit of a three-sided occlusive dressing over a four-sided occlusive dressing for an open chest wound?

Answer 11

It may reduce the chances of developing a tension pneumothorax.

Question 12

Your patient is a 17-year-old male baseball player found pulseless and apneic after being struck in the chest by a baseball 6 minutes ago. He is surrounded by other players and staff but no one is providing care. You should:

Answer 12

Begin chest compressions.

Question 13

Which of the following is a strategy to maintain adherence of an occlusive dressing to bloody or diaphoretic skin?

Answer 13

Manually maintain pressure.

Question 14

You are caring for a 27-year-old male who has a puncture wound to the right upper chest. The patient was stabbed with a serrated steak knife by his ex-girlfriend. You have placed an occlusive dressing on the site and begun emergent transport to the closest trauma center. However, while en route the patient begins to complain of increasing shortness of breath. You notice a decrease in ventilatory volume and an increase in thoracic diameter. Which of the following options would be the best step to perform next?

Answer 14

Free a corner or edge of the dressing to release pressure buildup.

Question 15

device works by blowing oxygen or air continuously at a noninvasive pressure to prevent a patient’s alveoli from collapsing.

Answer 15

CPAP

Question 16

Your patient is a 60-year-old female with a sudden onset of severe difficulty breathing. She has no prior history of respiratory problems. Which of the following should be done before applying oxygen by nonrebreather mask?

Answer 16

none of the above

Question 17

Your patient is a 30-year-old female who may have overdosed on antidepressant medications. On your arrival, she is lying supine on her bed with her head on a pillow. She is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is snoring. She appears to be pale and her skin is cool and clammy. What should you do first?

Answer 17

remove the pillow

Question 18

which of the following circumstances is medical direction necessary when assisting a patient with the use of a prescribed inhaler?

Answer 18

Medical control is necessary in all situations in which an EMT assists with a prescribed inhaler.

Question 19

What is not one of the symptoms of a pulmonary embolus?

Answer 19

sudden calmness

Question 20

Which of the following is the most proper dose of inhaled medication the EMT can assist the patient with administering?

Answer 20

The number of sprays directed by medical control

Question 21

What condition is when there is an infection in one or both lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi?

Answer 21

pneumonia

Question 22

What is the primary effect on the body when an EMT assists a patient with a prescribed inhaler if the patient is short of breath?

Answer 22

Dilation of the air passages

Question 23

You are called to the scene of a 45-year-old nonsmoker male with a history of asthma in respiratory distress. You find him lying supine on the couch. The patient is lethargic but can answer all your questions appropriately. He is diaphoretic, and complains of being cold, coughing, and having difficulty breathing for the past 3 days. His vital signs are blood pressure of 110/70, heart rate of 116, respiratory rate of 24, oxygen saturation of 93%, and temperature of 100.6°F. You hear rhonchi in the left lobes and he is coughing up yellow-tinged sputum What condition do you suspect?

Answer 23

pneumonia

Question 24

You are on the scene of a 5-year-old patient who is in respiratory distress. The mother states that the patient has been making a “seal bark”-sounding cough for the past 24 hours. The child is very scared. The patient has stable vital signs. He is leaning forward in the tripod position and is drooling profusely. After performing your primary assessment, what is your best treatment option?

Answer 24

Calm the child as much as possible and provide high-concentration oxygen.

Question 25

When ventilating a child with inadequate respirations, which of the following is the maximum rate at which artificial respirations should be delivered?

Answer 25

20

Question 26

Which of the following patients does not necessarily have inadequate breathing?

Answer 26

A patient with an irregular respiratory rhythm

Question 27

Which of the following is a possible side effect of a prescribed inhaler for respiratory problems?

Answer 27

tremors

Question 28

Which of the following sounds is high pitched and almost musical, and may be heard in lower respiratory obstruction?

Answer 28

wheezing

Question 29

Today, patients with cystic fibrosis are surviving to:

Answer 29

adult hood

Question 30

In what condition does fluid accumulate in the lungs, preventing them from breathing adequately?

Answer 30

pulmonary edema

Question 31

When you hear wheezes while auscultating your patient’s breath sounds, which of the following is most likely the cause?

Answer 31

The lower air passages in the lungs are narrowed.