Unit 2 Practical Flashcards
Skim Milk Agar
Substrate: Casein
Enzyme: Casease
Product: Amino Acids
Positive Appearance: Clearing
Positive Bacteria: Bacillus
Tributyrin Agar
Substrate: Triglyceride
Enzyme: Lipase
Product: Glycerol, Fatty Acids
Positive Appearance: Clearing
Positive Appearance:
Staphylococus aureus
Serratia marcescans
Enterococcus
Gelatin Agar
Substrate: Collagen
Enzyme: Gelatinase
Product: Amino Acids
Positive Appearance: Liquid
Positive Bacteria: Bacillus
Starch Agar
Substrate: Starch
Enzyme: Amylase
Product: Maltose
Reagent: Iodine
Positive Appearance: Purple w/ Iodine
Iodine binds starch CLEARING is positive
Positive Bacteria: Bacillus
DNA Agar
Methyl Green as a pH indicator
Substrate- DNA
Enzyme- DNAase
Product- Nucleotides
Positive Appearance- Clearing
Positive Bacteria- Serratia
Phenol Red
Carbohydrate Broth
phenol red- pH indicator
durham tube to show gas
Substrate- Glucose, Lactose, Sucrose
no enzyme specified
Product- Acid Fermentation- Yellow
Alkaline Fermentation- Red Gas- CO<sub>2</sub>or H<sub>2</sub> - Bubbles
Positive Bacterium:
E. Coli- Yellow and Gas in Glucose and Lactose Red and no Gas in Sucrose Staph aureus and Enterococcus- Yellow and no Gas in all Pseudomonas- Red and no Gas in all
Methyl Red
Substrate- Pyruvate
Enzyme- Not specified
Product- Acid Fermentation
Positive Appearance- Red
Positive Bacteria- E coli
Voge’s Proskaurer
Substrate- Pyruvate
enzyme not specified
Product- Acetoin
Reagent- Barritt’s A B and Creatine
Positive Appearance- Red across top
Positive Bacteria- Enterobacter
SIM test
Sulfate
Indole
Motility
Sulfite Test
Substrate- Peptone iron
enzyme not specified
Product- H2S
Positive Appearance- Black
Positive Bacteria- Salmonella
Proteus
Indole Test
Substrate- Tryptophan
enzyme not specified
Product- Indole
Reagent- Kovac’s
Positive Appearance- Red
Positive Bacteria- E. coli
Motility Test
No Substrate, Enzyme or Product
Positive appearance- cloudy around stab
Positive bacteria- E coli
Enterobacter
Simmon’s Citrate Test
bromthymol blue- ph indicator
Substrate- Sodium citrate
Enzyme not specified
Product- Ammonia
Positive Appearance- Blue (alkaline)
Positive Bacteria- Enterobacter
Klebsiella Pseudomonas Citrobacter
Nitrate reduction
Substrate- Nitrate
Enzyme- Nitrite and nitrite reductase
Product- Nitrite and Ammonia or N2
Positive Appearance-
Nitrite- E coli- Red with Nitrate A and B Ammonia or N<sub>2-</sub> Pseudomonas NO COLOR No product- Enterococcus Red with zinc
Triple Sugar Iron
phenol red- pH indicator
Substrate- Glucose, Lactose, Sucrose
Enzyme not specified
- all yellow, cracks- uses all sugars, gas- E coli
- all yellow, no cracks- uses all sugars, no gas- Staph, Enterococcus
- yellow/red- uses only glucose, no H2S- Shigella
- yellow/red/black- only glucose yes H2S- Proteus
- all red- alkaline and no H2S- Pseudomonas
- red/black- alkaline, yes H2S- Salmonella
Urea Test
Substrate- Urea
Enzyme- Urease
Product- Ammonia, CO2
Positive Appearance- Pink (alkaline)
Positive Bacteria- Proteus
Decarboxylation
Substrate- Lysine, Arginine, Ornithine
Enzyme- Decarboxylase
Product- Removes acid group from amino acids
3/8” mineral oil to create anaerobic environment
Positive Appearance- Purple
Enterobacter- Positive for Lysine
Positive for Ornithine
Klebsiella- Negative for Ornithine
Deamination
Substrate- Phenylalanine
Enzyme- Deaminase
Product- Removes amino group
Reagent- Ferric chloride
Positive appearance- Green
Positive bacteria- Proteus

Skim milk agar

Gelatin agar

Starch agar

DNA agar

Phenol Red Test

Methyl Red

Voges Proskauer Test

SIM test

Simmons citrate

Nitrate Reduction Test

Triple Sugar Iron test

Urea

Decarboxylation

Deanimation test