Cellular Respiration

Question 1

sources of energy in environment

Answer 1

thermal
radiant
electrical
mechanical
chemical
atomic
*****SUN*******

Question 2

direction of energy through ecosystem

Answer 2

producer > consumer > decomposer

Question 3

3 things required for metabolism

Answer 3

1. starting materials- glucose
2. energy in ATP
3. reducing agents- NADH, FADH2

Question 4

catabolic reaction

Answer 4

break large compounds into small
energy levels of reactants higher than products (exergonic)
energy released- some captured in ATP, some lost as heat

*cellular respiration- glucose + O2 = CO2+H2O+ATP

Question 5

anabolic reaction

Answer 5

form larger compounds from smaller
energy levels of products higher than that of reactants (endergonic)
requires energy- uses cellular ATP, sun energy

photosynthesis- CO2+H2O+ATP = glucose + O2

Question 6

4 pathways of aerobic respiration

Answer 6

1. glycolysis
2. Acetyl CoA formation
3. Krebs Cycle
4. Electron Transport System (chemeosmosis)

Question 7

Glycolysis

Answer 7

occurs in cytoplasm

1 Glucose + 2 ATP = 2 pyruvates + 2 net ATP + 2 NADH

Question 8

Acetyl CoA Formation

Answer 8

in matrix of mitochondria

2 pyruvates = 2 CO2 + 2 Acetyl CoA + NADH

Question 9

Krebs cycle

Answer 9

in matrix of mitochondria

2 Acetyl CoA + 4 CO2 + 2 ATP+ 6 NADH + 2 FADH2

Question 10

ETC and Chemiosmosis

Answer 10

occurs on inner mitochondrian membrane

10 NADH + 2 FADH2 = 34 ATP

Question 11

chemiosmosis

Answer 11

1. electrons passed along series of membrane protein carriers to oxygen- the final electron acceptor, forms water
2. proton gradient established across membrane, high outside and low inside- returned to inside through ATP synthetase enzyme

Question 12

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 12

fermentation
O2 not required
does not produce much ATP
uses glycolysis only

Question 13

2 major fermentation pathways

Answer 13

alcohol fermentaion (ethanol)
lactic acid fermentation (lactic acid)