Unit 2 Past Paper questions

Question 1

The role of stem cells in the human body is to produce…
a.) antibodies for defence
b.) new skin tissue to repair a cut
c.) enzymes for digestion
d.) hormones for communication

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Hormones are …
a.) electrical messengers that travel along neurons
b.) electrical messengers that travel in the bloodstream
c.) chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream
d.) chemical messengers that travel along neurons

Answer 2

C

Question 3

in mice, the dominant form of one gene (B) determines black coat colour and the recessive
form (b) determines brown coat colour.
If two heterozygous mice were crossed, the expected phenotypes of the offspring would be
A all black
B all brown
C 3 black: 1 brown
D 1 black: 1 brown

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Identify the nutrients from food that are absorbed into the lacteal.
A Glycerol and fatty acids
B Glucose and fatty acids
C Glucose an amino acids
D Glycerol and amino acids

Answer 4

A

Question 5

Three students carried out an investigation into the effect of exercise on heart rate.
Each student measured their heart rate after completing the same exercises.
After each student’s heart rate returned to its resting rate, they repeated the process.
Which of the following would increase the reliability of the results?
A Increase the time spent exercising.
B Change the exercise location.
C Change the type of exercise each time.
D Increase the number of students exercising

Answer 5

D

Question 6

Tissue stem cells can be transplanted to replace blood cells describe the feature of stem cells that allow them to be used in this way

Answer 6

They are unspecialised/ They can develop into different type of cells

Question 7

Other than tissue name another type of stem cell

Answer 7

embryonic

Question 8

Name the type of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream

Answer 8

endocrine

Question 9

insulin has an effect on cells in the liver explain why insulin does not effect cells in other organs

Answer 9

They do not have the complementary receptor protein for insulin

Question 11

Describe the reaction that occurs in the liver cells in response to insulin

Answer 11

Glucose is converted into glycogen

Question 12

Name the cell produced when the nuclei of male and female gamete fuse

Answer 12

zygote

Question 13

In what form is oxygen transported by red blood cells

Answer 13

oxyhaemoglobin

Question 14

Give one structural feature of a red blood cell that allows it to carry out its function efficiently

Answer 14

Has a biconcave shape/ no nucleus

Question 15

which of the following shows the pathway involved in a reflex arc after a person touches a
very hot object?
A Sensory neuron - brain motor - neuron
B Sensory neuron - inter neuron - motor neuron
C Motor neuron - brain sensory - neuron
D Motor neuron - inter neuron - sensory neuron

Answer 15

B

Question 16

A recessive allele is expressed in an individual’s phenotype when the:
A dominant allele has not been inherited from either parent
B dominant allele has been inherited from only one parent
C recessive allele has been inherited from only one parent
D recessive allele has not been inherited from either parent.

Answer 16

A

Question 17

The human body can be defended against disease by:
A lymphocytes producing phagocytes
B phagocytes producing antibodies
C antibodies producing lymphocytes
D lymphocytes producing antibodies

Answer 17

D

Question 18

heart attack can be caused by a blockage to a blood vessel that supplies the heart tissue
with oxygen.
In which blood vessel does this blockage occur?
A Vena cava
B Pulmonary artery
C Coronary artery
D Pulmonary vein

Answer 18

C

Question 19

Nutrients from food are absorbed into the villi in the small intestine.
Which of the following statements is correct?
A Glucose and fatty acids are absorbed into the lacteals.
B Glucose and amino acids are absorbed into the capillaries.
C Glycerol and fatty acids are absorbed into the capillaries.
D Glycerol and amino acids are absorbed into the lacteals

Answer 19

B

Question 20

Name the structure that pulls the pairs of chromatids apart

Answer 20

spindle fibres

Question 21

state the feature of stem cells that gives them the potential to develop into different types of cell

Answer 21

unspecialised

Question 22

Name the organ that produces egg cells

Answer 22

Ovary

Question 23

Name the chemical messengers carried from one part of the human body to another in the blood

Answer 23

Hormones

Question 24

Name a transport structure through which these chemicals could flow to move
around the plant.

Answer 24

Phloem/xylem

Question 25

Give a feature of a capillary network that increases the efficiency of
absorption of materials.

Answer 25

Thin walls/ large surface area

Question 26

Name the process responsible for the movement of water and its
evaporation from the leafy shoot.

Answer 26

Transpiration

Question 27

Water evaporates from leaves through stomata.
Name the cells surrounding the stomata that control their opening and
closing.

Answer 27

Guard cells

Question 28

ame the cells, found in the early stages of an embryo’s development,
which have the potential to develop into specialised cells.

Answer 28

stem cells

Question 29

State a reason, other than growth, why cells continue to be produced
throughout life.

Answer 29

repair of damaged tissue, replacement of dead/damaged cells

Question 30

ymphocytes and phagocytes are specialised white blood cells.
Describe the different ways in which these two types of cell destroy
pathogens.

Answer 30

Phagocytes engulf pathogens, lymphocytes produce antibodies

Question 31

Name the system in the human body which destroys pathogens.

Answer 31

Immune

Question 32

Describe how blood glucose is returned from low to normal levels in the
human body

Answer 32

Glucagon is released from the pancreas, Glucagon travels in the blood, glucagon stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose, glucose is released into the blood

Question 33

Explain what is meant by the term homozygous

Answer 33

Both alleles are the same

Question 34

Explain why having a large number of villi improves the efficiency of
absorption in the small intestine.

Answer 34

Provides a larger surface area

Question 35

Identify the structural feature of a single villus, that is also found in an
alveolus, which increases the efficiency of absorption.

Answer 35

Thin walls/ extensive blood supply

Question 36

In which parts of a green leaf would most photosynthesis occur?
A Palisade mesophyll and lower epidermis
B Lower epidermis and guard cells
C Guard cells and spongy mesophyll
D Spongy mesophyll and palisade mesophyll

Answer 36

D

Question 37

State the ty[e of variation shown by tongue rolling

Answer 37

Discrete

Question 38

Specialised cells allow organ Z to respond to hormone Y.
This is because the surface of the cells in organ Z have complementary
A synapses
B neurons
C effectors
D receptors

Answer 38

D

Question 39

n increase in which of the following factors would decrease the rate of transpiration in
plants?
A Wind speed
B Humidity
C Surface area
D Temperature

Answer 39

B

Question 40

hich of the following statements about blood cells is false?
A White blood cells are part of the immune system.
B Phagocytes are a type of white blood cell.
C Red blood cells contain haemoglobin.
D Phagocytes transport nutrients around the body.

Answer 40

D

Question 41

Which of the following statements is true of villi?
A Blood capillaries absorb glycerol and amino acids.
B Blood capillaries absorb glucose and fatty acids.
C Lacteals absorb glycerol and fatty acids.
D Lacteals absorb glucose and amino acids.

Answer 41

C

Question 42

Water is transported through the xylem vessels give one other function of the xylem

Answer 42

Transports minerals

Question 43

Name the process responsible for the movement of water and its evaporation from the leafy shoot

Answer 43

transpiration