Unit 2 - NAT GEO CH 3 Flashcards
Population distribution
Where people live in a geographic area
Temperate climate
Climate with moderate temperatures and adequate precipitation amounts
Human migration
The physical movement by humans from one area to another, sometimes over long distances or in large groups
Population density
The number of people occupying a unit of land
Arithmetic density
Measures the total number of people per unit area of land. Calculated by dividing the total population by the total land area
Physiological density
The number of people per unit of area of arable land (land suitable for agriculture)
Arable land
Land suitable for agriculture
Subsistence agriculture
Farming that takes place in providing crops and livestock for only the farmers families and close community. Common in peripheral and semi-peripheral countries where there are fewer mechanical resources available to work the land and more people are needed to care for crops and livestock
Carrying capacity
The maximum population size an environment can sustain
Dependency ratio
The number of people in the dependent age group (under age 15 or 65 and older) divided by the number of people in the working age group (ages 15-64) divided by 100
Sex ratio
The proportion of males to females in population
Demographics
Statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it.
Fertility
Ability to produce children
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The number of births in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population
Total Fertility Rate (FTR)
Average number of children one woman in a given country or region will have during her childbearing years (ages 15-49)
Mortality
Deaths
Life expectancy
The average number of years an individual can be expected to live. Life expectancy at birth id the average number of years a newborn infant can be expected to live.
Average for peripheral countries: 50
Average for core countries: 80
Population pyramid
Graphs that show the age-sex distribution of a given population
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
The number of death of a given population per year per 1,000 people
Baby boom
A period marked by a significant increase of the birth rate
Agricultural density
Measures the total number of farmers per unit of arable land. When countries have a high agricultural density - most of the farmers are subsistence farmers
Demographics
Data about the structure and characteristics of human populations
Infant mortality rate
The number of deaths of children under the age of 1 per 1,000 live births
Working age (on the pop. Pyramid)
This is how many people within the population are capable of working to sustain the 2 dependent groups
Young dependents (on the pop. Pyramid)
Age 0-14, young dependents
Cohorts (on the pop. pyramid)
Cohorts are age categories. Population pyramids divide the population into 5 year cohorts (age/sex groupings)
Male gender (on pop. pyramid)
Population pyramids are divided by sex
Female gender (on pop. pyramid)
Population pyramids are divided by sex
Measurement (on pop. pyramid)
Population pyramids are normally expressed in millions or %
Elderly dependents (on pop. Pyramid)
Elderly (age 60+) dependent group of the population
