CH 6 Flashcards
Culture
A group of belief systems, norms, and values practiced by people EX) Mayan American Indians who hunt whales
Traditional/folk culture
Is composed of long-established behaviors, beliefs, and practices passed down from generation to generation - such as languages, food, ceremonies and customs
Ethnic neighborhoods
Cultural landscaped within communities of people outside their area of origin - often formed in large cities with large numbers of a minority group. Ex: Chinatowns in NYC, San Francisco, Chicago, London, Toronto (and many others around the world)
Cultural landscape
Human imprint on the landscape, and it offers clues about cultural practices and priorities both past and present
Ethnicity
The belonging to a group of people who share common cultural characteristics
Cultural trait
A shared object or cultural practice
Artifacts
A visible object or technology that a culture creates
Sociofacts
Structures and organizations that influence social behavior, such as families, governments, educational systems and religious organizations
Mentifacts
The central, enduring elements of a culture that reflect its shared ideas, values, knowledge, and beliefs - and are the slowest to change
Cultural norms
Shared standards and patterns that guide the behavior of a group of people
Ethnocentrism
The tendency of ethnic groups to evaluate other groups according to their preconceived ideas originating from their own culture. (More profound ethnocentrism may include the belief that ones own cultural group is superior - which may result in overt or clear discrimination against other groups
Cultural relativism
Is the evaluation of a culture solely by its unique standards (in contrast to ethnocentrism)
Identity
How humans make sense of themselves and how they wish to be viewed by others
Sequent occupance
The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, a collection of evidence about human character and experiences within a geographic region, which shapes the cultural landscape
Traditional architecture
Buildings influenced by the environment and is based on localized needs and construction materials available - tends to reflect local traditions and usually evolves over time to reflect environmental, cultural and historical context in which it exists
Postmodern architecture
Emerges in. The 1960’s as a reaction to modern designs, which emphasized form, structure and materials. Values diversity in design. Postmodern was a “desire to make architecture a vehicle of cultural expression.”
Religion
A system of spiritual beliefs that helps form cultural perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs
Values
They are often a motive behind observable cultural behaviors and practices
Pilgrimage
A journey to a holy place for spiritual reasons Ex: Hajj to Mecca for Muslims
Toponym
Place names, helps define what is unique about a place - such as its geographic features or history
Gendered spaces
Spaces that are designed and deliberately incorporated into the landscape to accommodate gender roles. They can exist in homes, workplaces, and public areas. They can be supportive, positive places or restrictive places
Gender identity
How individuals perceive themselves and what they call themselves
Safe spaces
Spaces of acceptance for people who are marginalized in society, allows people to share interests and experiences with others within a community they identify in
Gentrification
Renovations and improvements conforming to middle-class preference - it drives up the demand for housing and the cost of living in neighborhoods - making it challenging for those less affluent to live there
Third space
A communal space, separate from home (first space) or work (second space) where the person can develop their sense of self, let their guard down and form relationships with others. (Ex: coffee shop, fitness center, book store)
Placemaking
A community driven process in which people collaborate to create a plan where they can live, work, play and live
Dialects
Variation of a standard language specific to a general area
Adherents
People who are loyal to a belief, religion, or organization
Sense of place
When humans fill a geographic location with meaning by connecting memories and feelings to it - a persons sense of place can change over time
Denominations
Separate organizations that unite a number of local congregations
Sect
A relatively small group that has broken away from en established denomination
Centripetal force
Force that creates solidarity among a group of people and provide stability
Centrifugal force
A force that divides groups of people
Popular culture
The widespread behaviors, beliefs, and practices of ordinary people in society at a given point in time - popular culture tends to change quickly and with the increased communication and transportation technology - the rate if change in continuing to accelerate
