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Anatomy > UNIT 2: bones of thorax and musculature > Flashcards

UNIT 2: bones of thorax and musculature Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the thorax?

A
  • superior part of trunk between neck and abdomen
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2
Q

what are the bones of the thorax?

A 
thoracic vertebrae (t1-t12)
thoracic skeleton (ribs)
sternum
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3
Q

what are the three parts of the sternum?

A
  • manubrium
  • body
  • xiphoid process (xiphisternum)
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4
Q

what are the two joints in the sternum?

A 
manubriosternal joint = sternal angle
xiphisternal joint (between body and xiphisternum)
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5
Q

what are the notches in the sternum?

A

clavicular notch - where manubrium articulates with clavicle

jugular notch

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6
Q

what type of ribs are
1-7
8-10
11-12

A
  • true/ vertebrochondral
  • false/ vertebrosternal
  • floating
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7
Q

what is the infrasternal angle?

A

angle between two costal arches

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8
Q

what are the borders of the superior/ inferior thoracic apertures?

A

superior: manubrium/ 1st ribs/ t1
inferior: xiphisternal joint/ costal arches/ floating ribs/ t12

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9
Q

what are the muscles of inspiration?

A
  • external intercostal muscles: extend from tubercle of ribs to costal cartilages and produce upward/forward movement of anterior chest wall
  • scalene muscles: raise 1st/2nd ribs and manubrium in deep inspiration
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10
Q

what are three sections of the scalene muscles?

- give origins/insertions

A
  • anterior: anterior tubercles of transverse processes from c3-6 and inserts on 1st rib
  • middle: posterior tubercles of transverse processes from c2-6 and inserts on 1st rib
  • posterior: posterior tubercles of transverse processes from c4-6 and inserts on 2nd rib
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11
Q

what are the muscles of expiration? - what movements do they produce?

A
  • internal intercostal muscles: extend from angle of ribs to end of intercostal spaces
  • innermost intercostal muscles
    • produce downward/backward movement of anterior chest wall
  • muscles of abdominal wall: raise infra-abdominal pressure so moves diaphragm up/ pulls lower ribs downwards and produce powerful forced expiration (coughing/sneezing)
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12
Q

what type of joint is an intervertebral joint?

A

secondary cartilaginous joint - symphyses

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13
Q

what type of joint is a costovertebral joint?

A

synovial plane joint

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14
Q

what type of joint is a costotransverse joint?

A

synovial plane joint

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15
Q

what type of joint is a sternocostal joint?

A

1st: primary cartilaginous

2nd to 7th: synovial plane joints

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16
Q

what type of joint is a sternoclavicular joint?

A

synovial saddle

17
Q

what type of joint is a costochondral joint?

A

primary cartilaginous

18
Q

what type of joint is a interchondral joint?

A

synovial plane

19
Q

what type of joint is the manubriosternal joint?

A

secondary cartilaginous

20
Q

what type of joint is the xiphisternal joint?

A

primary cartilaginous

Anatomy (33 decks)

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