UNIT 1: hand Flashcards
what bones are classed as carpals?
scaphoid lunate triquetum pisiform trapezius trapezoid capitate hamate
what are the other types of bones in the hand?
- metacarpals
- phalanges : proximal, middle, distal
what is the name and type of joint between carpal and metacarpal?
metacarpal joint (thumb - saddle joint/ others: ellipsoid)`
what is the name and type of joint between metacarpals and phalanges?
metacarpophalangeal joint (condyloid joints)
what ligaments reinforce the MCP joints?
palmar ligaments connected by 3 deep tranverse collateral ligaments
- collateral ligaments
what is the name and type of joint between metacarpals and phalanges?
interphalangeal joint (proximal/ distal) (hinge joint)
what are the main 5 compartments of the hand?
thenar hypothenar adductor lumbrical interossei
what muscles form the thenar eminence? what nerve innervates these?
flexor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
- innervated by median nerve
what muscles form the hypothenar eminence? what nerve innervates these?
flexor digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi
- ulnar nerve
what is the only adductor muscle
adductor pollicis - transverse/oblique
what are the function of the lumbricals and what nerve innervates them?
flex of MCP joint/ extend IP joint
- median
what are the two types of interossei, where are they found and what is their function?
dorsal (4) - between metacarpals - abduct
palmar (3) on palmar surface of 2nd, 4th, 5th digit - adduct
- innervated by ulnar nerve
what is the name of the thick fascia found centrally?
palmar aponeurosis - continuous with flexor retinaclum
- extends in 4 longitudinal branches continual with digital sheaths
which artery gives rise to deep palmar arch?
ulnar
what are the branches off the deep palmar arch?
palmar metacarpal arteries
which arteries anastomose to form superficial palmar arch?
palmar metacarpal and common digital arteries
