UNIT 1: hand Flashcards
what bones are classed as carpals?
scaphoid lunate triquetum pisiform trapezius trapezoid capitate hamate
what are the other types of bones in the hand?
- metacarpals
- phalanges : proximal, middle, distal
what is the name and type of joint between carpal and metacarpal?
metacarpal joint (thumb - saddle joint/ others: ellipsoid)`
what is the name and type of joint between metacarpals and phalanges?
metacarpophalangeal joint (condyloid joints)
what ligaments reinforce the MCP joints?
palmar ligaments connected by 3 deep tranverse collateral ligaments
- collateral ligaments
what is the name and type of joint between metacarpals and phalanges?
interphalangeal joint (proximal/ distal) (hinge joint)
what are the main 5 compartments of the hand?
thenar hypothenar adductor lumbrical interossei
what muscles form the thenar eminence? what nerve innervates these?
flexor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
- innervated by median nerve
what muscles form the hypothenar eminence? what nerve innervates these?
flexor digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi
- ulnar nerve
what is the only adductor muscle
adductor pollicis - transverse/oblique
what are the function of the lumbricals and what nerve innervates them?
flex of MCP joint/ extend IP joint
- median
what are the two types of interossei, where are they found and what is their function?
dorsal (4) - between metacarpals - abduct
palmar (3) on palmar surface of 2nd, 4th, 5th digit - adduct
- innervated by ulnar nerve
what is the name of the thick fascia found centrally?
palmar aponeurosis - continuous with flexor retinaclum
- extends in 4 longitudinal branches continual with digital sheaths
which artery gives rise to deep palmar arch?
ulnar
what are the branches off the deep palmar arch?
palmar metacarpal arteries
