Unit 2

Question 1

fMass of Subatomic Particles

Answer 1

Proton 1 amu
Neutron 1 amu
Electron 0 amu

Question 2

Elements Have Same

Answer 2

Proton count
Atomic number
Properties

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

Atoms of the same element with a particular number of neutrons that change the mass

Question 4

Ions

Answer 4

Atoms of the same element with a particular number of electrons that change the mass

Question 5

Energy levels

Answer 5

Shells/orbits of crazy shapes where the electrons can be found around the nucleus

Question 6

Finding Electron Count in Bohr Model

Answer 6

2n^2 when n=shell number

Question 7

Groups/Families/Colums

Answer 7

Vertical
Number of valence electrons

Question 8

Rows/Periods

Answer 8

Horizontal
Number of energy levels

Question 9

Phil Model

Answer 9

2, 8, 8, 2 electrons per energy level

Question 10

Duet

Answer 10

Applies to hydrogen, heleium, lithium, and berelium

Question 11

Mass Number

Answer 11

Atomic mass rounded
Sum of protons and neutrons
Measured in amu

Question 12

Atomic Mass

Answer 12

Weighted average of mass number in all isotopes
Decimal in periodic table
Measured in g/mol or amu

Question 13

Weighted Average

Answer 13

Takes into account the abundance of each item being averages

Question 14

Average Atomic Mass Formula

Answer 14

Mass A (%A) + Mass B (%B)

Question 15

Chemical Reactions

Answer 15

Atoms attain stability by losing, gaining, or sharing electrons

Question 16

Nuclear Reactions

Answer 16

Atoms attain stability through changes in the nucleus

Question 17

Radioactivity

Answer 17

Process by which an unstable nucleus spontaneaously emits high energy particles or rays from the nucleus in order to attain a more stable nuclear state

Question 18

Strong Force

Answer 18

An attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus

Question 19

Electrostatic Force

Answer 19

Causes protons to repel other protons

Question 20

Nuclear Force

Answer 20

Created by neutrons to hold the nucleus together

Question 21

Creates Radioactivity

Answer 21

When there are more neutrons creating nuclear force repelling the electrostatic and strong force

Question 22

Unstable/Radioactive Elements

Answer 22

Above #83

Question 23

Beta Particle Protection

Answer 23

Glass, clothing, wood

Question 24

Neutron/Proton Emission

Answer 24

Neutron 1/0n
Proton 1/1p

Question 25

Nuclear Symbol Top and Bottom

Answer 25

Top mass Bottom Charge

Question 26

Radiation

Answer 26

Emission of particles

Question 27

Beta Decay Sequence

Answer 27

Electron leaves which adds proton

Question 28

Opposite of Beta Decay Sequence

Answer 28

Electron capture or positron emission

Question 29

How Nuclear Electricity is Created

Answer 29

Uranium atoms split producing kinetic energy Converts water to steam Rotates turbines Produces electricities in the generator

Question 30

First Atomic Weapons

Answer 30

Both fission bombs

Question 31

How Fusion Bombs Work

Answer 31

Combine two hydrogens to produce helium

Question 32

How Fission Bombs Work

Answer 32

Neutrons fired at uranium or plutonium atoms Split causing smaller atoms and energy Smaller atoms collide with more uranium or plutonium

Question 33

Artifitial Radioactive Nuclides

Answer 33

Made by artifitial transmutations through bombardments of nuclei with charged and uncharged particles

Question 34

Transuranium Elements

Answer 34

Above #92

Question 35

Deuteriium and Tritium

Answer 35

Stable hydrogen isotope with one more neutron Radioactive isotope of hydrogen with two neutrons

Question 36

Three Main Sections of a Nuclear Power Plant

Answer 36

Reactor Generator Cooling tower

Question 37

Half-Life Equation

Answer 37

mf = mi/2^n mf = final mass mi = initial mass n = number of half-lives

Question 38

Conversions

Answer 38

1 mega = 1.0x10^6 base 1 micro = 1.0x10^-6 base 1 nano = 1.0x10^-9 base 1 pico = 1.0x10^-12 base

Question 39

Complex/Derived Unit

Answer 39

A measurement expressed as a ratio between units

Question 40

Centimeters to Inch

Answer 40

2.54cm=1in

Question 41

Meters to Mile

Answer 41

1600m=1mi

Question 42

Dalton's Theory

Answer 42

All matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties Compounds are combinations of two or more different types of atoms A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms Tested gases

Question 43

Democritus' Theory

Answer 43

Solid, indivisible particles Divided a seashell

Question 44

JJ Thomson's Theory

Answer 44

Negative electrons are scattered throughout a sphere of positive charge Atom can be broken down Cathode ray tube

Question 45

Rutherford's Theory

Answer 45

Atom is mostly empty space, with nearly all of its mass concentrated in a tiny central nucleus Alpha particles at gold foil

Question 46

Milikan's Theory

Answer 46

Electrons have a negative charge Charge on a drop of oil and stopped the oil from falling

Question 47

Quantum Mechanical Model

Answer 47

Electrons exist in an electron cloud, existing as a particle and a wave at the same time

Question 48

STP

Answer 48

Standard temperature and pressure

Question 49

Reaction that Requires Critical Mass

Answer 49

Fission and fusion

Question 50

Liters to Gallon

Answer 50

3.79L=1gal

Question 51

Meters to Yard

Answer 51

0.91m=1yd

Question 52

Liters to Cups

Answer 52

0.24L=1cup

Question 53

Nuclear Versus Chemical Reactions Same

Answer 53

Atoms attain stability, mass and change must be balanced

Question 54

Nuclear Versus Chemical Reactions Different

Answer 54

Nucleus VS electrons In nuclear elements change, isotopes matter, spontaneous, can not be sped up/slowed/stopped, decay chain

Question 55

Chadwick

Answer 55

Positively charged protons and neutral neutrons bound together as the atom's nucleus Negatively charged electrons occupying energy levels surrounding the nucleus Alpha particles bombarding