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Honors Chemistry > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Chemical Properties

A

A property that is any ability to produce a change in the composition of the matter

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2
Q

Physical Change

A

Alters the form of a substance, but does not change it to another

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3
Q

Chemical Change

A

Changes into a different substance with different properties

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4
Q

Precipitation

A

Solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction

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5
Q

Extensive Properties

A

Depend on the amount of matter that is present

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6
Q

Intensive Properties

A

Do not depend on the amount of matter that is present (density)

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7
Q

Density

A

A ratio of mass to volume of a substance

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8
Q

Chemistry

A

The study of the composition of matter and the changes it undergoes

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9
Q

Atom

A

The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element

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10
Q

Element

A

A pure substance that can not be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom

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11
Q

Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 1

A

All matter is composed of particles in constant motion

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12
Q

Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 2

A

Particles have spaces between them

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13
Q

Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 3

A

All particles of matter have energy

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14
Q

Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 4

A

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles, therefore, as energy/temperature levels are changed, a change in state may occur

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15
Q

Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 5

A

Attractive forces between particles are stronger as particles are closer together

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16
Q

Pure Substance

A

Has a fixed composition, all particles are identical

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17
Q

Fixed Composition

A

Composed of one type of particle (atom or molecule)

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18
Q

Compound

A

A pure substance with two or more elements/types of atoms combined through a chemical reaction, composed of a definite group of molecules or is chemically bonded

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19
Q

Chemical Formulas of Compounds

A

Indicate the elements present in a compound and the number of relative atoms in each

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20
Q

Mixture

A

A physical combination of substances, identities and properties of individuals are retained, can be physically separated, different types of particles

21
Q

Mixture VS Compound

A

1) Mixtures retain properties, compounds do not
2) Mixtures do not have a definite composition, compounds do

22
Q

Homogeneous Other Name

A

Solution

23
Q

Filtration

A

Passing a material through a porous material to separate one substance from another, uses physical property of size, gravitational filter or vacuum filter

24
Q

Distillation

A

Separation of liquid mixtures, liquid with lowest boiling point will vaporize first and the vapor is condensed into a pure liquid, uses physical property of vaporization point, collects pure liquid

25
Q

Decanting

A

Separation by pouring off liquid layer and leaving solid behind, uses physical property of state of matter and solubility

26
Q

Particles

A

Pieces of matter such as atoms, ions, or molecules

27
Q

Diatomic

A

Elements that, in their pure state, are only found in pairs

28
Q

B and C in IHNBOCF

A

Bromine and chlorine

29
Q

When Combining Acid and Water

A

Add acid to water

30
Q

Alloy

A

Metallic substances composed of two or more elements, as either a compound or a solution

31
Q

Suspension

A

A heterogeneous mixture of a finely distributed solid in a liquid

32
Q

Colloid

A

A mixture in which very small particles of one substance are distributed evenly throughout another substance

33
Q

Chromatography

A

A scientific method for separating the components found in a mixture

34
Q

Estimated Digit

A

Falls after last sig fig

35
Q

Rounding to Sig Figs

A

Use scientific notation!

36
Q

Dividing Units

A

Divide units out I guess

37
Q

Matter - Can it be separated physically?

A

Yes - mixture
No - Pure substance

38
Q

Mixture - Is it a uniform composition?

A

Yes - homogeneous/solution
No - heterogeneous

39
Q

Pure Substance - Can it be separated by ordinary chemical means?

A

Yes - compound (bonded atoms)
No - element (single kind of atom)

40
Q

Volume and Shape

A

Solid - definite
Liquid - definite volume, indefinite shape
Gas - indefinite

41
Q

Arrangement

A

Solid - packed close
Liquid - close, but can slide
Gas - spread out as far as possible

42
Q

Movement

A

Solid - vibrate in fixed position
Liquid - move past each other, flow
Gas - move with great speed

43
Q

Attractive Forces/Energy

A

Solid - strong force, weak energy
Liquid - strong force, medium energy
Gas - weak force, strong energy

44
Q

States Energy Increase

A

Solid, liquid, gas

45
Q

States Temperature Increase

A

Solid, liquid, gas

46
Q

States Attractive Forces Decrease

A

Solid, liquid, gas

47
Q

Molecule

A

The smallest particle of a substance that has all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance, made up of one or more atoms, diatomic elements can be molecules

48
Q

Molecule VS Compound

A

Molecules have more than one atom, compounds have more than one type of atom, all compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds

49
Q

Chemical Methods of Separation

A

Decomposition, electrolysis

Honors Chemistry (9 decks)

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