Unit 1 Flashcards
Chemical Properties
A property that is any ability to produce a change in the composition of the matter
Physical Change
Alters the form of a substance, but does not change it to another
Chemical Change
Changes into a different substance with different properties
Precipitation
Solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction
Extensive Properties
Depend on the amount of matter that is present
Intensive Properties
Do not depend on the amount of matter that is present (density)
Density
A ratio of mass to volume of a substance
Chemistry
The study of the composition of matter and the changes it undergoes
Atom
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element
Element
A pure substance that can not be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom
Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 1
All matter is composed of particles in constant motion
Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 2
Particles have spaces between them
Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 3
All particles of matter have energy
Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 4
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles, therefore, as energy/temperature levels are changed, a change in state may occur
Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter Rule 5
Attractive forces between particles are stronger as particles are closer together
Pure Substance
Has a fixed composition, all particles are identical
Fixed Composition
Composed of one type of particle (atom or molecule)
Compound
A pure substance with two or more elements/types of atoms combined through a chemical reaction, composed of a definite group of molecules or is chemically bonded
Chemical Formulas of Compounds
Indicate the elements present in a compound and the number of relative atoms in each
Mixture
A physical combination of substances, identities and properties of individuals are retained, can be physically separated, different types of particles
Mixture VS Compound
1) Mixtures retain properties, compounds do not
2) Mixtures do not have a definite composition, compounds do
Homogeneous Other Name
Solution
Filtration
Passing a material through a porous material to separate one substance from another, uses physical property of size, gravitational filter or vacuum filter
Distillation
Separation of liquid mixtures, liquid with lowest boiling point will vaporize first and the vapor is condensed into a pure liquid, uses physical property of vaporization point, collects pure liquid