Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Flying – Knowledge Test > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Magnet

A

Piece of metal that attracts other metal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are magnetic compasses used for?

A

used to set heading indicator prior to flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When are the indications of a compass accurate?

A

ONLY in straight, level, unacelerated flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Magnetic deviation error

A

diff between heading indicated by magnetic compass & airplane’s actual magnetic heading

Interference of instruments with compass

compass card used to correct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Magnetic Dip Error

A

tendency of compass needle to point downward in N hemisphere & upward in S hemisphere

Largest compass error

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Magnet Acceleration Error

A

Northern hemisphere:

acceleration = turn toward N

deceleration = turn toward S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Magnetic turning error

A

Compass lags when turning N, leads when turning S

NOSE: North Opposite, South Exaggerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Compass Card Oscillation Error

A

erratic movement of compass needle

(caused by turbulence)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Magnetic Variation

A

Diff between true N & magnetic N

East is least, West is best

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will indicate a turn toward the north if

A

aircraft is accelerated while on E or W heading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate initially a turn toward the west if

A

right turn is entered from a N heading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In the Northern Hemisphere, the magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the south when:

A

aircraft is decelerated while on W heading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The pitot-static system is a source of pressure for which instruments?

A

source of static pressure for altimeter, vertical-speed indicator, airspeed indicator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Static pressure

A

pressure of still air (taken form static line)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pitot pressure

A

total pressure (taken from pitot tube)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The pressure from the alternate static source is less or more than from the normal static?

A

Alternate static pressure < pressure normal static source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The pitot system provides impact pressure for which instrument?

A

Airspeed indicator only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which instrument(s) will become inoperative if the static vents become clogged?

A

Airspeed indicator, altimeter, & vertical speed indicator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Airspeed indicator (ASI)

A

indicated speed at which plane is moving through the air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Dynamic pressure

A

diff between total pressure & static pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Airspeed indicator color arcs & their meaning?

A
  • White arc: flap operating range
  • Green arc: normal operating range
  • Yellow arc: caution range
  • Red line: never-exceed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Design manoeuvring speed VA

A

speed below which you can fully deflect 1 flight control 1 time in smooth air without risk of damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Design manoeuvring speed VA

A

speed below which you can fully deflect 1 flight control 1 time in smooth air without risk of damage

Max speed stall safely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Does the design maneuvering speed (VA) vary with gross weight?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Indicated airspeed (IAS)

A

direct instrument reading obtained from ASI (uncorrected)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Calibrated airspeed (CAS)

A

IAS corrected for instrument errors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

True airspeed (TAS)

A

True speed of plane through the air

CAS corrected for density altitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the general rule for approx TAS if IAS is known?

A

add 2% to IAS for each 1,000ft of altitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Altimeter (ALT)

A

measured height of plane above given level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Absolute altitude

A

vertical distance of plane above terrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

True altitude

A

actual distance above mean sea level (MSL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Indicated altitude

A

read directly from altimeter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Pressure altitude

A

height above standard datum plane of 29.92 in. of mercury

As altitude increases, air pressure decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Density Altitude

A

pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature variations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

When does pressure altitude = density altitude?

A

At standard temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Does the altimeter setting change during flight?

A

Yes! Must re-read altimeter setting as flight progresses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the effect of nonstandard pressure & temp on the altimeter?

A

warm days altimeter indicates artificially low altitudes

pilot CANNOT adjust altimeter for temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Which devices contain gyroscopes in the instruments?

A

turn, heading, attitude indicator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What are the fundamental properties of gyroscopic action?

A

Rigidity & Precession

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What are the most important design characteristics of a gyroscope?

A

LARGE weight, LOW friction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Attitude indicator (AI)

A

depicts the attitude of the airplane (highly reliable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Turn coordinator (TC)

A

emergency source of bank info → indicates direction of roll/yaw and rate of turn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Standard-rate turn

A

3º per sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Inclinometer

A

indicated the need for rudder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Skid

A

Skid: rate of turn too great for the angle of bank (too little rudder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

SLIP

A

Slip: rate of turn too slow for angle of bank (too much rudder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What must you do to correct for rudder?

A

Step on the ball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Heading indicator (HI)

A

instrument used in light planes as primary source of heading info

HI must be realigned with a magnetic compass every 15 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Vacuum system:

A

spins gyro by drawing a stream of air against the rotor vanes to spin the rotor at high speeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Glass cockpits

A

advanced avionics system replace older round-dial gauges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Electronic flight instrument displays (EFIS)

A

flight instrument that uses colourful, picture-like displays

52
Q

Primary flight display (PFD)

A

integrates all flight instruments critical to safe flight into 1 screen

Attitude, heading, airspeed, altitude, vertical speed, sklip/skid condition, navigation info

53
Q

Multi-function display (MFD)

A

not only shows primary instrumentation but can combine info from multiple systems on 1 page

54
Q

Oil System

A

storing & circulating oil throughout internal components of engine

55
Q

What are the basic functions of the engine?

A

lubricate, seal, clean, cool (most important)

56
Q

Cowl flaps

A

hinged covers through which hot air is expelled

57
Q

Propeller

A

rotating airfoil → transforms rotary power of the engine into forward thrust

58
Q

Constant-speed propeller

A

(controllable pitch)

lets pilot select blade angle for most efficient performance

59
Q

Propeller slip

A

diff between geometric pitch & effective pitch

60
Q

Geometric pitch

A

theoretical distance a propeller would advance in 1 revolution if it were rotated in a solid medium

61
Q

Effective pitch

A

actual distance propeller moves forward through air in 1 revolution (includes propeller slippage)

62
Q

Propeller efficiency

A

ratio thrust horsepower to brake horsepower (horsepower engine is delivering to crankshaft)

depends on amount of slipage

63
Q

Fixed-pitch propeller

A

fixed by manufacturer (cannot be changed by pilot)

64
Q

Ignition system

A

provide electrical spark to ignite fuel/air mixture in the cylinders

(seperate from electrical system)

65
Q

Magneto

A

engine-driven unit that uses a rotating magnet inside a coil of wire to produce electrical current

66
Q

Tachometer

A

speed at which the engine crankshaft is rotating (RMP)

67
Q

Manifold pressure (MP) gauge

A

indirectly indicated power output of the engine

68
Q

Throttle

A

controls amount of fuel/air mixture that goes into engine

69
Q

Induction system

A

process that takes outside air, mixes it with fuel, and delivers it to cylinders

70
Q

Carburetor system

A

mixes fuel & air

71
Q

When is carburetor icing most likely?

A

when temp are below 21ºC & humidity is above 80%

72
Q

Induction system icing

A

icing conditions which result in loss power & potential engine failure

73
Q

Impact ice

A

moisture-laden air freezes on elements of the induction system

(most often when ambient air is about –4ºC)

74
Q

Throttle ice

A

water vapor in the air condenses and freezes

(happens with partially closed throttle)

75
Q

Fuel vaporization icing

A

vaporization of fuel causes sudden cooling of the mixture

76
Q

Carburetor heat

A

anti-icing device that preheats the air before it reaches the carburetor

(If icing detected, FULL carburetor should be immediately applied)

77
Q

Outside air temp (OAT) gauge

A

outside/ambient air temp to calculate true airspeed & detect potential icing conditions

78
Q

Mixture control

A

adjust fuel/air ratio to compensate for varying air densities when plane changes altitude

79
Q

Fuel/air ratio

A

ratio between weight of fuel & weight of air entering cylinder

80
Q

What is a Four-Stroke engine?

A

reciprocating engine converts chemical → mechanical energy in 4 strokes

81
Q

Detonation

A

fuel/air mixture explodes instead of burning

(Caused by using LOWER octane rate than specific OR xs engine temp )

82
Q

Anti-kock quality

A

HIGH grade = HIGH compression

(without detonating)

83
Q

Correct fueling procedure:

A
  1. Attach ground wire to plane before removing cap from tank
  2. Ground refueling nozzle to plane
  3. Ground fuel truck to plane & ground
84
Q

Tips to start plane in cold weather?

A
  • Use portable heater to blow hot air into engine
  • Prime cold engine at low RPM for 2-5min
85
Q

Engine driven alternators (generators)

A
  • supply current to the electrical system & maintain electrical charge on battery
86
Q

Ground power units (GPUs)

A

provide external energy for starting

(especially during cold starts)

87
Q

Bus bar

A

common point from which to distribute voltage throughout electrical system

88
Q

Circuit breakers (fuses)

A

protect circuit from electrical overload

89
Q

Anmeter

A

instrument used to monitor performance of the electrical system, specifically if generator is producing adequate supply of power (amps)

90
Q

Loadmeter

A

shows amount of current coming from the alternator

91
Q

Which color identifies the power-off stalling speed in a specified configuration?

A

lower limit of the green arc

92
Q

How is engine operation controlled on an engine equipped with a constant-speed propeller?

A

The throttle controls power output as registered on the manifold pressure gauge and the propeller control regulates engine RPM.

93
Q

Which instrument(s) will become inoperative if the static vents become clogged?

A

Airspeed indicator, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator.

94
Q

What is pressure altitude?

A

altitude indicated when barometric pressure scale is set to 29.92

95
Q

While cruising at 9,500 feet MSL, the fuel/air mixture is properly adjusted. What will occur if a descent to 4,500 feet MSL is made without readjusting the mixture?

A

The fuel/air mixture may become excessively lean.

96
Q

Which color identifies the power-off stalling speed with wing flaps and landing gear in the landing configuration?

A

lower limit of the white arc

97
Q

To properly purge water from the fuel system of an aircraft equipped with fuel tank sumps and a fuel strainer quick drain, it is necessary to drain fuel from the __

A

fuel strainer drain and the fuel tank sumps.

98
Q

In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will indicate a turn toward the north if:

A

aircraft is accelerated while on E or W heading

99
Q

In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate initially a turn toward the west if:

A

right turn is entered from a N heading

100
Q

In the Northern Hemisphere, the magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the south when:

A

aircraft is decelerated while on W heading

101
Q

The pitot system provides impact pressure for which instrument?

A

Airspeed indicator only

102
Q

Altimeter setting is the value to which the barometric pressure scale of the altimeter is set so the altimeter indicates?

A

True altitude at field elevation

103
Q

For internal cooling, air cooled engines are especially dependent on:

A

the circulation of lubricating oil

104
Q

The operating principle of float-type carburetors is based on the:

A

difference in air pressure at the venturi throat and the air inlet

105
Q

During the run-up at a high-elevation airport, a pilot notes a slight engine roughness that is not affected by the magneto check but grows worse during the carburetor heat check. Under these circumstances, what would be the most logical initial action?

A

Check the results obtained with a leaner setting of the mixture.

106
Q

If a pilot suspects that the engine (with a fixed-pitch propeller) is detonating during climb-out after takeoff, the initial corrective action to take would be to:

A

lower the nose slightly to increase air speed

107
Q

On aircraft equipped with fuel pumps, when is the auxiliary electric driven pump used?

A

In the event engine-driven fuel pump fails

108
Q

An electrical system failure (battery and alternator) occurs during flight. In this situation, you would:

A

experience avionics equipment failure.

109
Q

The basic purpose of adjusting the fuel/air mixture at altitude is to

A

decrease the fuel flow in order to compensate for decreased air density

110
Q

Under what condition will true altitude be lower than indicated altitude?

A

In colder than standard air temperature.

111
Q

If an aircraft is equipped with a fixed-pitch propeller and a float-type carburetor, the first indication of carburetor ice would most likely be

A

decrease of RPM.

112
Q

With regard to carburetor ice, float-type carburetor systems in comparison to fuel injection systems are generally considered to be

A

more susceptible to icing.

113
Q

A precaution for the operation of an engine equipped with a constant-speed propeller is to

A

avoid high manifold pressure settings with low RPM.

114
Q

What is one procedure to aid in cooling an engine that is overheating?

A

Enrich the fuel mixture

115
Q

What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the right from a south heading in the Northern Hemisphere?

A

The compass will indicate a turn to the right, but at a faster rate than is actually occurring

116
Q

Generally speaking, the use of carburetor heat tends to

A

decrease engine performance.

117
Q

What action can a pilot take to aid in cooling an engine that is overheating during a climb?

A

Reduce rate of climb and increase airspeed.

118
Q

If a flight is made from an area of low pressure into an area of high pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the altimeter will indicate

A

lower than the actual altitude above sea level.

119
Q

The reason a 4-cylinder reciprocating engine continues to run after the ignition switch is positioned to OFF may be a

A

broken magneto ground wire.

120
Q

The presence of carburetor ice in an aircraft equipped with a fixed-pitch propeller can be verified by applying carburetor heat and noting

A

a decrease in RPM and then a gradual increase in RPM.

121
Q

A turn coordinator provides an indication of the

A

movement of the aircraft about the yaw and roll axes.

122
Q

If a flight is made from an area of high pressure into an area of lower pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the altimeter will indicate

A

higher than the actual altitude above sea level.

123
Q

What change occurs in the fuel/air mixture when carburetor heat is applied?

A

The fuel/air mixture becomes richer.

124
Q

While cruising at 9,500 feet MSL, the fuel/air mixture is properly adjusted. What will occur if a descent to 4,500 feet MSL is made without readjusting the mixture?

A

The fuel/air mixture may become excessively lean.

125
Q

Under what condition is indicated altitude the same as true altitude?

A

When at sea level under standard conditions.

126
Q

You are flying an aircraft equipped with an electronic flight display and the air data computer fails. What instrument is affected?

A

Airspeed indicator.

Flying – Knowledge Test (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions