Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Yr 10-11 > Unit 17 > Flashcards

Unit 17 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are chromosomes

A

they are made of DNA which contains genetic information in the form of genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a gene

A

a length of DNA that codes for a protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

WHat is an allele

A

the alternative form of a gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the sex chromosomes

A

the pair of chromosomes that determine gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the female sexy chromosome

A

X and X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the male sex chromosome

A

X and Y

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what chromosome do female eggs carry

A

X chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what chromosomes do sperm cells carry

A

X or Y
they determine the gender of the baby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the smallest to largest(DNA,Chromosomes,Genes)

A

DNA, Genes,Chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how are specific proteins created

A

the different sequences of bases in a gene determines the sequence of amino acids to give protein molecules different shapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does DNA control cell function

A

controls the production of proteins such as enzymes,membrane carriers and receptors for neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how is a protein made

A

the gene coding for the protein remains in the nucleus
mRNA is a copy of a gene
mRNA molecules are made in the nucleus and move to the cytoplams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is a protein made

A

the gene coding for the protein remains in the nucleus
mRNA is a copy of a gene
mRNA molecules are made in the nucleus and move to the cytoplasm
mRNA passes through ribosomes
the ribosome assembles amino acids into the protein molecules
specific sequence of amino acids is determined by the sequence of bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how do most body cells in an organism contain the same genes but have different functions

A

genes in the particular cells are not expressed because the cell only makes the specific proteins required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are haploid cells

A

cells with a nucleus containing a singular set of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are diploid cells

A

nucleus contains 2 sets of chromosomes

17
Q

what is mitosis

A

nuclear division giving rise to genetically identical cells

18
Q

what is mitosis used for

A

used in growth, repair of damaged tissus, replacement of cells and asexual reproduction

19
Q

how does mitosis create genetically identical cells

A

the exact replication of chromosomes occurs before mitosis

20
Q

what happens during mitosis

A

the copies of chromosomes separate which maintains the chromosome number in each daughter cell

21
Q

what are stem cells

A

unspecialised cells that divide by mitosis to produce daughter cells that can then be specialised for specific functions

22
Q

what is meiois

A

cell division where 4 genetically unique cells are created

23
Q

what is meiosis used for

A

the production of games

24
Q

what is inhertitance

A

the transmission of genetic information from generation to generation

25
Q

what is the genotype

A

the genetic makeup of an organism in terms of the alleles present

26
Q

what is the phenotype

A

the observable features of an organism

27
Q

homozygous

A

2 identical alleles of a particular genes

28
Q

what happens when 2 homozygous individuals breed

A

pure breeding

29
Q

heterozygous

A

two different alleles of a particular gene

30
Q

can heterozygous individuals be pure bred

A

no

31
Q

dominant allele

A

an allele that is expressed if its present in the genotype

32
Q

recessive allele

A

only expressed when there is no dominant allele of the gene present

33
Q

what is codominance

A

a situation where both alleles contribute to the phenotype

34
Q

what is a sex linked characteristic

A

a feature where the gene responsible is located on a sex chromosome
the characteristic is more present in one gender

35
Q

why is red green color blindness more common in males

A

the gene is located on the X chromosome
more common in males since they only require one faulty X chromosome while females require 2 faulty chromosomes

Biology Yr 10-11 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions