Unit 10 Flashcards
what is a pathogen
a disease causing organism
what is a transmissible disease
a disease that can be passed from one host to another
how can pathogens be transmitted
direct contact(blood and other bodily fluids)
indirect contact(contaminated surfaces, food,animals,air)
how does skin defend the body
external bacteria and protects internal organs
how do hairs in the nose defend the body
act as natural filter to prevent the entry of dust pollen and spores
how does mucus defend the body
lines the nose, trapping the dirt and germs to stop them from damaging the lungs
how does stomach acid defed the body
the hydrochloric acid kills bacteria
how do WBC defend the body
they fight viruses, bacteria and other foreign invaders
what is required to control the spread of disease
clean water supply
hygenic food preparation
good personal hygiene
waste disposal
sewage treatmement
what is active immunity
the defence against a pathogen through antibody production in the body
each pathogen has its own antigens which have specific shapes(T/F)
true
what are antibodies
proteins that bind to antigens leading to direct destruction of pathogens or marking of pathogens for destruction by phagocytes
why can antibodies only fit specific antigens
they have complementary shapes
how is active immunity gained
through infection of a pathogen or through vaccination
what is the process of vaccination
weakened pathogens or their antigens are put in the body
antigens simulate an immune response and produces antibodies
memory cells are created that give long term immunity
