Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ap psych > unit 11 quizlet review social psych > Flashcards

unit 11 quizlet review social psych Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

the tendency to explain one’s own actions or the actions of others according to either internal or external attributes to explain why events of actions occur

A

attribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the tendency to help others who are in need without expecting anything in return

A

alturism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a phenomenon in which people are less likely to help others in need when others are present because they believe that someone else will take action

A

bystander effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a compliance technique which uses evidence and logic to convince others

A

central route to persuasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a term which refers to those living in cultures where the needs and goals of the group are considered above those of the individual

A

collectivism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the tension or guilt that occurs when one’s actions and beliefs do not match

A

cognitive dissonance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a type of love characterized by feelings of intimacy created when people share their inner most thoughts and feelings with one another and are committed to a long-term investment in the relationship

A

compannionate love

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the tendency to go along with the actions or ideas of others in an effort to “fit in”

A

conformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

occurs when individuals do not take action in an emergency, often because they are in a large group and assume someone else will act

A

diffusion of responsibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the behavioral component of prejudice which involves treating individuals differently because of their membership in group about which one has predetermined expectations

A

discrimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

involves the process in which individuals explain the behavior of themselves or others as being the result of personal characteristics rather than situational events

A

dispositional attribution (internal attribution)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a method of persuasion in which an individual first makes a large request that is likely to be denied and then makes a more reasonable request which is more likely to be granted. this occurs because the smaller request seems more reasonable after the presentation of the larger request

A

door-in-the-face technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the belief that one’s own cultural, religious, or ethnic group is superior to others

A

ethnocentrism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

a phenomenon that involves the tendency for people to overestimate how many others agree with them in terms of their opinions, values, and behaviors

A

flase concensus effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

this occurs when one overestimates another individual’s personal characteristics and underestimates the situational factors that may contribute to their (generally negative) behavior

A

fundamental attribution error

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

a method of persuasion in which an individual first makes a small request to which they gain agreement and then makes a larger request to which the receiver is more likely to comply because they have already agreed to the initial request

A

foot-in-the-door technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the belief that individuals with one positive characteristic have other positive characteristics even if there is no evidence to support this belief

A

halo effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a term in which refers to those living in cultures which emphasizes the person before the group by focusing on independence and personal interests

A

individualism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

occurs when after discussion, members of a group move to a more extreme position that was held prior to discussion

A

group polarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the tendency to judge the behavior of those who share similar characteristics more favorably than those who are judged to be different

A

in-group bias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the belief that the world is fair and people deserve what they get

A

just world phenomena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the tendency to go along with a request which often comes from a figure of authority

A

compliance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

individuals generally like a stimulus more and more after repeated exposures

A

mere exposure effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

holding negative feelings, opinions or beliefs which are associated with a stereotype of a specific category of individuals

A

prejudice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

a method of persuasion that is based on superficial factors such as appearance or bright colors to persuade others

A

peripheral route to persuasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

a group considered different from one’s own who often become the “scapegoat” when things go wrong

A

out-group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

adherence to a direct request from a person in a position of authority

A

obedience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

a method of persuasion in which one provides a small token or gift in the hopes that the other will return the favor with agreement to a request

A

reciprocity norm

29
Q

a general guideline for expected behavior that may or may not be explicitly stated

A

norm

30
Q

the theory that individuals are more likely to form romantic relationships with others who have a similar level of attractiveness as themselves

A

matching hypothesis

31
Q

the tendency of individuals to conform to the behavior of a group because of their desire to fit in or be accepted by the group

A

normative social influence

32
Q

the tendency for individuals to believe that others notice their behaviors or mistakes more than they actually do

A

spotlight effect

33
Q

a reduction in performance when an individual is reminded they belong to a group which is known for low performance on a given task

A

stereotype threat

34
Q

members of an in-group who have pride in their membership of that group

A

social identity theory

35
Q

the tendency for groups to make poor decisions because members are afraid to speak up, they have a leader with strong opinions or they are under pressure to make a quick decision

A

groupthink

36
Q

the tendency for people to conform to the behaviors of others because they assume this is the correct way to respond in social situations

A

informational social influence

37
Q

when things do not turn out as expected one places blame on those who are different or in the out-group for the error

A

scapegoat theory

38
Q

the attempt to influence that attitudes or behaviors of others to align with one’s own beliefs or attitudes

A

persuasion

39
Q

occurs when one’s own or another expectations impacts the individual’s behavior. people often live up or down to the expectations of others or themselves

A

self-fulfilling prophecy

40
Q

guidelines or expectations for “appropriate” behavior in social situations

A

social norms

41
Q

any behavior that involves either verbal or physical intentions to cause harm to another person

A

aggression

42
Q

occurs more often in individualistic societies when people take personal credit for their successes and blame others or the situation for their failures

A

self-serving bias

43
Q

when people explain the behavior of themselves or others to by using situational factors such as the weather or luck

A

situational attribution (external)

44
Q

love that is characterized by a physical connection to others which is often found early in romantic relationships

A

passionate love

45
Q

the idea that persuasive messages lead to changes in attitude based on either using the central or peripheral route to persuasion

A

elaboration likelihood model

46
Q

the subfield of psychology focused on studying how people influence others thoughts, feelings and actions

A

social psychology

47
Q

cognitive schemas held about people based in their membership to particular groups

A

stereotype

48
Q

the tendency for people to work less hard in a group than when working alone because they expect others will step in and do the work

A

social loafing

49
Q

the tendency to decrease performance on tasks that are difficult or not well practiced when others are present

A

social interference (inhibition)

50
Q

the tendency for performance to improve on easy or well-practiced tasks when others are present

A

social facilitation

51
Q

a situation in which one must make a decision to do what is right themselves or what is right for the group when they do not know the decision the group will make

A

social dilemma

52
Q

the theory of love is robert sternberg’s theory describing three components which combine to create various types of romantic relationships: passion, intimacy, and commitment

A

triangular theory of love

53
Q

guidelines regarding how a social situation should “play out” based on one’s experience of similar situations in the past

A

scripts

54
Q

the tendency to view social behavior as being reciprocal while seeking to maximize benefits and minimize costs

A

social exchange theory

55
Q

a reduced state of individuality in group situations. when people become more anonymous, they may be prone to violence or other negative actions because they will not be personally identified

A

deindividuation

56
Q

goals that involve tasks in which all people involved must work together to find a solution. this is often used to reduce tension or prejudice between groups

A

superordinate goals

57
Q

the potential for participants in a study to display the caractertics they believe that the experimenter wants to see rather than their genuine responses

A

social desirability bias

58
Q

type of bias that occurs more frequently in collectivist cultures and involves the tendency to credit others for one’s success while blaming one’s self for failures

A

self-effacing bias

59
Q

the tendency for individuals to work harder in a group than when alone

A

social striving

60
Q

a method of persuasion which emphasizes getting someone to agree to a request and then revealing the hidden costs, or add ons which raise the price of the item to which the person has already agreed to purchase

A

low-ball technique

61
Q

actions that benefit others and generally involve helping behaviors

A

prosocial behaviors

62
Q

improvement in performance when one knows that the group to which they belong often performs well on the particular task in which they are involves

A

stereotype boost

63
Q

a type of social dilemma in which an individual must choose between what is best for themselves or what is best for the group

A

prisoner’s dillemma

64
Q

a type of social dilemma in which an individual must decide if they will do what is best for themselves or the group when there is a limited supply of a common resource

A

commoner’s dilemma

65
Q

when individuals are blocked from achieving goals, they have an increased likelihood of engaging in actions that are intended to hurt others

A

frustration-aggression hypothesis

66
Q

the tendency for individuals to explain their own negative behavior using situational (external) factors while explaining the same behavior in others as a result of internal (personal) factors

A

actor-observer effect

67
Q

Intentionally setting up one’s self for failure in order to be able to make an external attribution for the failure when it occurs and preserve one’s self-esteem.

A

Self-handicapping

68
Q

assimilation

A

forces objects to fit his existing schemas rather than adapting his schemas to fit the new information.

ap psych (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions