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Med Term Biol120 - Domincan University > Unit 11 Quiz 10 > Flashcards

Unit 11 Quiz 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose

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2
Q

Rhin/o

A

Nose

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3
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx

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4
Q

Laryng/o

A

Larynx

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5
Q

Trache/o

A

Trachea

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6
Q

Bronch/o , bronch/i

A

Bronchus

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7
Q

Bronchiol

A

Bronchiole

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8
Q

Phren/o

A

Diaphragm

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9
Q

Phrenic/o

A

Phrenic nerve

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10
Q

Pleur/o

A

Pleura

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11
Q

Plum/o , pulmon/o

A

Lung

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12
Q

Pneumon/o

A

Lung

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13
Q

Pneum/o , pneumat/o

A

Air , gas also respiration , lung

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14
Q

Spir/o

A

Breathing

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15
Q

-pnea

A

Breathing

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16
Q

-oxia

A

Level of oxygen

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17
Q

-capnia

A

Level of carbon dioxide

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18
Q

-phonia

A

Voice

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19
Q

Adenoids

A

Lymphoid tissue located in the nasopharynx; the pharyngeal tonsils

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20
Q

Alveoli

A

The tiny air sacs in the lungs through which gases are exchanged
between the atmosphere and the blood in respiration (singular:
alveolus). An alveolus, in general, is a small hollow or cavity; the
term is also used to describe the bony socket for a tooth

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21
Q

Bronchiole

A

One of the smaller subdivisions of the bronchial tubes
(root: bronchiol)

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22
Q

Bronchus

A

One of the larger air passageways in the lungs. The bronchi begin as
two branches of the trachea and then subdivide within the lungs
(plural: bronchi) (root: bronch)

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23
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

A gas produced by energy metabolism in cells and eliminated
through the lungs

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24
Q

Carbonic acid

A

An acid formed by carbon dioxide when it dissolves in water; H2 CO3

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25
Q

Compliance

A

A measure of how easily the lungs expand under pressure.
Compliance is reduced in many types of respiratory disorders

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26
Q

Diaphragm

A

The dome-shaped muscle under the lungs that flattens during
inspiration (root: phren/o)

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27
Q

Epiglottis

A

A leaf-shaped cartilage that covers the larynx during
swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea
(epi-: on top of; glottis: opening between vocal cords

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28
Q

Expectoration

A

The act of coughing up material from the respiratory tract;
also the material thus released; sputum

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29
Q

Expiration

A

The act of breathing out or expelling air from the lungs;
exhalation

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30
Q

Glottis

A

The opening between the vocal cords

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31
Q

Hemoglobin

A

The iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that transports
oxygen

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32
Q

Inspiration

A

The act of drawing air into the lungs inhalation

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33
Q

Larynx

A

The enlarged upper end of the trachea that contains the
vocal cords (root: laryng/o

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34
Q

Lingual tonsils

A

Small mounds of lymphoid tissue at the posterior of the
tongue

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35
Q

Lung

A

A cone-shaped spongy organ of respiration contained within
the thorax (roots: pneum, pulm)

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36
Q

Mediastinum

A

The space between the lungs together with the organs
contained in this space

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37
Q

Nose

A

The organ of the face used for breathing and for housing
receptors for the sense of smell; includes an external
portion and an internal nasal cavity (roots: nas/o, rhin/o

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38
Q

Oxygen

A

The gas needed by cells to release energy from food during
metabolism

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39
Q

Palatine tonsils

A

The paired masses of lymphoid tissue located on either side
of the oropharynx; usually meant when the term tonsils is
used alone

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40
Q

Pharynx

A

The throat; a common passageway for food entering the
esophagus and air entering the larynx (root: pharyng/o

41
Q

Phrenic nerve

A

The nerve that activates that diaphragm

42
Q

Pleura

A

A double-layered membrane that lines the thoracic cavity
(parietal pleura) and covers the lungs (visceral pleura)
(root: pleur/o)

43
Q

Pleural space

A

The thin, fluid-filled space between the two layers of the
pleura; pleural cavity

44
Q

Pulmonary ventilation

A

The movement of air into and out of the lungs

45
Q

Sinus

A

A cavity or channel; the paranasal sinuses are located
near the nose and drain into the nasal cavity

46
Q

Sputum

A

The substance released by coughing or clearing the
throat; expectoration. It may contain a variety of material
from the respiratory tract

47
Q

Surfactant

A

A substance that decreases surface tension within the
alveoli and eases lung expansion.

48
Q

Trachea

A

The air passageway that extends from the larynx to the
bronchi (root: trache/o)

49
Q

Turbinate bones

A

The bony projections in the nasal cavity that contain
receptors for the sense of smell. Also called conchae
(KON-kē)

50
Q

Vocal folds

A

Membranous folds on either side of the larynx that are
important in speech production. Also called vocal cords

51
Q

Carina

A

A projection of the lowest tracheal cartilage that forms a
ridge between the two bronchi. Used as a landmark for
endoscopy. Any ridge or ridge-like structure (from a Latin
word that means “keel”)

52
Q

Hilum

A

An anatomical depression in an organ where vessels and nerves enter

53
Q

Hyperpnea

A

increase in the depth and rate of breathing to meet the
body’s needs, as in exercise

54
Q

Hypopnea

A

Decrease in the rate and depth of breathing

55
Q

Nares

A

The external openings of the nose; the nostrils

56
Q

Nasal septum

A

The partition that divides the nasal cavity into two parts

57
Q

Tachypnea

A

Excessive rate of breathing which may be normal as in exercise

58
Q

Acidosis

A

Abnormal acidity of body fluids. Respiratory acidosis is caused
by abnormally high levels of carbon dioxide in the body

59
Q

Acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS

A

Pulmonary edema that can lead rapidly to fatal respiratory
failure; causes include trauma, aspiration into the lungs, viral
pneumonia, and drug reactions; shock lung

60
Q

Acute Rhinitis

A

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa with sneezing, tearing, and
profuse secretion of watery mucus, as seen in the common
cold

61
Q

Alkalosis

A

Abnormal alkalinity of body fluids. Respiratory alkalosis is
caused by abnormally low levels of carbon dioxide in the body

62
Q

Aspiration

A

The accidental inhalation of food or other foreign material
into the lungs. Also means the withdrawal of fluid from a
cavity by suction

63
Q

Asthama

A

A disease characterized by dyspnea and wheezing caused by
spasm of the bronchial tubes or swelling of their mucous
membranes

64
Q

Atelectasis

A

Incomplete expansion of a lung or part of a lung; lung
collapse. May be present at birth (as in respiratory distress
syndrome) or be caused by bronchial obstruction or
compression of lung tissue (prefix atel/o means “imperfect”)

65
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Chronic dilatation of a bronchus or bronchi

66
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of a bronchus

67
Q

chronic
obstructive
pulmonary
disease (COPD)

A

Any of a group of chronic, progressive, and
debilitating respiratory diseases, which includes
emphysema, asthma, bronchitis, and bronchiectasis

68
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish discoloration of the skin caused by lack of
oxygen in the blood (adjective: cyanotic)

69
Q

cystic fibrosis
(CF)

A

An inherited disease that affects the pancreas,
respiratory system, and sweat glands. Characterized
by mucus accumulation in the bronchi causing
obstruction and leading to infection

70
Q

Diphtheria

A

Acute infectious disease, usually limited to the upper
respiratory tract, characterized by the formation of a
surface pseudomembrane composed of cells and
coagulated material

71
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing, sometimes with pain;
“air hunger”

72
Q

Emphysema

A

A chronic pulmonary disease characterized by enlargement and
destruction of the alveoli

73
Q

Empyema

A

Accumulation of pus in a body cavity, especially the pleural
space; pyothorax

74
Q

Hemoptysis

A

The spitting of blood from the mouth or respiratory tract
(ptysis means “spitting”)

75
Q

Hemothorax

A

Presence of blood in the pleural space

76
Q

Hydrothorax

A

Presence of fluid in the pleural space

77
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Increased rate and depth of breathing; increase in the amount
of air entering the alveoli

78
Q

Hypoventilaiton

A

Condition in which the amount of air entering the alveoli is
insufficient to meet metabolic needs and blood carbon dioxide
increases to levels above normal

79
Q

Influenza

A

An acute, contagious respiratory infection causing fever, chills,
headache, and muscle pain; “flu”

80
Q

Pertussis

A

An acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough ending in
a whooping inspiration; whooping cough

81
Q

pleural effusion

A

Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. The fluid may
contain blood (hemothorax) or pus (pyothorax or
empyema

82
Q

Pleurisy

A

Inflammation of the pleura; pleuritis. A symptom of
pleurisy is sharp pain on breathing

83
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Disease of the respiratory tract caused by inhalation of
dust particles. Named more specifically by the type of
dust inhaled, such as silicosis, anthracosis, asbestosis

84
Q

Pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lungs generally caused by infection.
May involve the bronchioles and alveoli
(bronchopneumonia) or one or more lobes of the lung
(lobar pneumonia)

85
Q

Pneumonitis

A

Inflammation of the lungs; may follow infection or be
caused by asthma, allergy, or inhalation of irritants

86
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space. May
result from injury or disease or may be produced
artificially to collapse a lung

87
Q

Pyothorax

A

Accumulation of pus in the pleural space; empyema

88
Q

respiratory distress
syndrome (RDS)

A

A respiratory disorder that affects premature infants
born without enough surfactant in the lungs. It is
treated with respiratory support and surfactant
administration

89
Q

sudden infant
death syndrome
(SIDS)

A

The sudden and unexplained death of an apparently
healthy infant; crib death

90
Q

Tuberculosis

A

An infectious disease caused by the tubercle
bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Often involves
the lungs but may involve other parts of the body as
well. Miliary (MIL-ē-ar-ē) tuberculosis is an acute
generalized form of the disease with formation of
minute tubercles that resemble millet seeds

91
Q

arterial blood
gases (ABGs

A

The concentrations of gases, specifically oxygen and
carbon dioxide, in arterial blood. Reported as the partial
pressure (P) of the gas in arterial (a) blood, such as PaO2
or PaCO 2 . These measurements are important in
measuring acid–base balance

92
Q

Bronchoscope

A

An endoscope used to examine the tracheobronchial
passageways. Also allows access for biopsy of tissue or
removal of a foreign object

93
Q

LungScan

A

Study based on the accumulation of radioactive isotope in
lung tissue. A ventilation scan measures ventilation after
inhalation of radioactive material. A perfusion scan
measures blood supply to the lungs after injection of
radioactive material. Also called a pulmonary scintiscan

94
Q

pulse oximetry

A

Determination of the oxygen saturation of arterial blood
by means of a photoelectric apparatus (oximeter), usually
placed on the finger or the ear; reported as SpO2 in
percent

95
Q

pulmonary
function tests

A

Tests done to assess breathing, usually by spirometry

96
Q

Spirometer

A

An apparatus used to measure breathing volumes and
capacities; record of test is a spirogram

97
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Surgical puncture of the chest for removal of air or fluids,
such as may accumulate after surgery or as a result of
injury, infection, or cardiovascular problems. Also called
thoracocentesis

98
Q

tuberculin test

A

A skin test for tuberculosis. Tuberculin (PPD), the test
material made from products of the tuberculosis
organism, is injected below the skin. A hard, raised lump
appearing with 48 to 72 hours indicates an active or
inactive TB infection. Also called the Mantoux (man-TOO)
test

Med Term Biol120 - Domincan University (13 decks)

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