Unit 1 Quiz: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology Flashcards
In the introspection technique,
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people describe what they are thinking as they perform a task.
people report their daily experiences in an informal, unstructured fashion.
the experimenter observes how people respond to learning tasks.
emotional responses are emphasized, rather than a variety of thought processes.
people describe what they are thinking as they perform a task.
The term “pure AI” refers to
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research that considers human limitations in cognitive processing.
an approach that attempts to accomplish a task as efficiently as possible.
an emphasis on the ecological validity of research in cognitive psychology.
a technique used in neuroscience that records the responses from a single cell in the brain.
an approach that attempts to accomplish a task as efficiently as possible.
An important characteristic of the connectionist approach is that
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the neural activity that corresponds to a particular cognitive activity is typically limited to a single small location.
many cognitive activities rely on serial operations.
it is flexible enough to explain many cognitive skills.
it can only explain higher mental processes, such as decision making.
it is flexible enough to explain many cognitive skills.
One reason for the cognitive revolution is that the behaviourist approach
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emphasized unobservable cognitive processes.
overused Wundt’s technique of introspection.
placed too much emphasis on concepts such as reinforcement and observable responses.
devoted too much research to the organization of memory.
placed too much emphasis on concepts such as reinforcement and observable responses.
A cognitive psychologist who analyzes a cognitive task in terms of a series of stages—like the way a computer operates—is using which of the following approaches?
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the information-processing approach
the introspection approach
the gestalt approach
the parallel distributed processing approach
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the information-processing approach
Chris telephoned Roberta and listed eight items that they need for the afternoon picnic. Roberta didn’t have a pencil, so she couldn’t write them down. However, she remembers the last three items very well because of
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object permanence.
long-term memory.
an event-related potential.
the recency effect.
the recency effect.
Your textbook discusses the early history of cognitive psychology. According to this discussion,
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Hermann Ebbinghaus opposed cognitive psychology because it did not pay enough attention to emotions.
Mary Whiton Calkins studied people’s introspections about nonsense words.
William James suggested that our everyday cognitive processes are passive, rather than active.
Wilhelm Wundt emphasized that introspection could provide useful information, if the participants were well trained.
Wilhelm Wundt emphasized that introspection could provide useful information, if the participants were well trained.
Suppose that your professor tells you to locate a journal article about cognitive psychology that presents empirical evidence. You should look for an article that
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studies humans, rather than other animals.
emphasizes evidence collected in experiments.
provides a theoretical explanation for previous research.
uses at least two different statistical analyses.
emphasizes evidence collected in experiments.
Based on the discussion of the computer metaphor in Chapter 1,
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both computers and humans have limited capacities.
the human brain is identical to a computer.
a human brain is more powerful than a computer.
a computer is more powerful than a human brain metaphor has only limited usefulness.
both computers and humans have limited capacities.
