Athabasca Chapter 1 - The Nature of Child Development Flashcards
Who Invented ecological theory
Bronfenbrenner
Stages of Ecological Theory
. Microsystem: relations between child and immediate environment
* Mesosystem: connections among immediate settings
* Exosystem: social settings that affect but do not contain the child
* Macrosystem: values, laws, customs, resources of culture
* Chronosystem: dynamic, ever-changing nature of person’s environment
Following aspects are part of which theory
- Believed in the importance of early experience
- Five stages of psychosexual development
Freud
Who discovered Classical conditioning
Pavlov
Following stages belong to which theory
- Sensorimotor: Birth–2 years
- Preoperational: 2–7 years
- Concrete operational: 7–11 years
- Formal Operational: 11 years and older
Piaget’s cognitive development theory
Following aspects belong to which Theory
- Psychosocial stages
- Development is motivated by our social needs
- Life-span development
Erick Erickson’s Psychosocial development Theory
Following aspects belong to which Theory
- Growth depends on cultural and social interaction
- Help needed from more advanced peers and adults
Vygotsky’s social development theory
Who discovered operant conditioning
Skinner
Describe Operant conditioning
Operant conditioning is a form of learning in which the motivation for a behavior happens after the behavior is demonstrated. An animal or a human receives a consequence ( Reward or Punishment) after performing a specific behavior. The consequence is either a reinforcer or a punisher.
Following aspects belong to which Theory
- Views the human mind as working something like a computer
- Thinking involves perceiving, encoding, representing, storing, and retrieving information
information processing theory
Who Added social cognition to operant conditioning
Albert Bandura
Following aspects belong to which Theory
- At first, theory was thought to be inapplicable to humans
- Studied critical periods in development
Lorenz ethnological theory
The five psychosexual stages
oral. 0-1 yrs
anal 1-3 Yrs
phallic 3-6 Yrs
latent 6-12 Yrs
genital 12 Yrs and above
Select one -Researcher manipulates independent variable and measures impact on dependent variable
a. Experiment
b. Physiological measures
c. Sequential approach
d. Correlational research
e. Cross-sectional approach
f. Longitudinal approach
a. Experiment
Measure relations between physiological processes and behaviour
Select one:
a. Experiment
b. Physiological measures
c. Sequential approach
d. Correlational research
e. Cross-sectional approach
f. Longitudinal approach
b. Physiological measures
Three important cognitive theories are:
Select one:
a. Pavlov’s theory, Bronfenbrenner’s theory, Piaget’s theory
b. Ethological theory, Bandura’s theory, Vygotsky’s theory
c. Piaget’s theory, Vygotsky’s theory, information-processing theory
d. Erikson’s theory, information-processing theory, Skinner’s theory
e. Pavlov’s theory, Bandura’s theory, Skinner’s theory
f. Bronfenbrenner’s theory, Bandura’s theory, Vygotsky’s theory
c. Piaget’s theory, Vygotsky’s theory, information-processing theory
Information about two or more variables without researcher intervention
Select one:
a. Correlational research
b. Experiment
c. Physiological measures
d. Sequential approach
e. Cross-sectional approach
f. Longitudinal approach
a. Correlational research
Observe people of different ages (or cohorts) at one point in time
Select one:
a. Experiment
b. Physiological measures
c. Sequential approach
d. Correlational research
e. Cross-sectional approach
f. Longitudinal approach
e. Cross-sectional approach
Observe people of one cohort repeatedly over time
Select one:
a. Experiment
b. Physiological measures
c. Sequential approach
d. Correlational research
e. Cross-sectional approach
f. Longitudinal approach
f. Longitudinal approach
Which of the following is NOT included in ethical consideration?
Select one:
a. Informed consent
b. Confidentiality
c. Protection from harm
d. (Lack of) deception, debriefing, & knowledge of results
e. All of the above are included
e. All of the above are included
Validity =
Select one:
a. repeated information over time and observers
b. really measures what it’s supposed to measure (verifies the truth)
b. really measures what it’s supposed to measure (verifies the truth)
Advantages of interviews and questionnaires are lots information in a short period of time and confidentiality.
Select one:
True
False
True
Match the example to the method
Stability/continuity of antisocial behavior between two ages
Select one:
Cross Sectional
Experiment
Correlational
correlation
Match the example to the method
Effect of task difficulty on strategy use
Select one:
Cross Sectional
Experiment
Correlational
Experiment
Match the example to the method
Effect of cloth carrier use on attachment
Select one:
Cross Sectional
Experiment
Correlational
Experiment
Match the example to the method
Age differences in perceptions of peer group
Select one:
Cross Sectional
Experiment
Correlational
Cross Sectional
Match the example to the method
Maternal alcohol consumption and severity of birth defects
Select one:
Cross Sectional
Experiment
Correlational
Correlational
Match the example to the method
Children from divorced parents and educational
Select one:
Cross Sectional
Experiment
Correlational
Correlational
