unit 1 part 1 (1-3) Flashcards
critical thinking
thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and assumptions
empiricism
what we know comes from experience
structuralism
titchner; used introspection to reveal the mind
introspection
looking inward, self reflection
functionalism
darwin and james; explored how mental and behavioral processes function
behaviorism
study of observable behavior
humanistic psych
psych perspective that emphasized human growth potential
cognitive psych
study of mental processes; how we perceive process, and remember
cognitive neuroscience
study of underlying brain activity linked w/ cognition
psych
science of behavior and mental processes
nature nurture issue
debate between how much a person’s characteristics are formed by either “nature” or “nurture” (nurture=upbringing, nature=biological)
evolutionary psych
study of evolution of behavior and mind using natural selection
behavior genetics
study of the effect of genetics and environment on behavior
culture
shared ideas and behavior passed along generations
positive psych
happiness is the byproduct of a pleasant, engaged life
biopsychosocial approach
full psych approach: biological, psychological, social-cultrual
behavioral psych
study of observable behavior. nervous system, hormones, genetics
biological psych
study of links between biological and psychological processes
social cultural psych
study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking
testing effect
enhanced memory after retrieving; rather than rereading
SQ3R
survey, question, read, retrieve, review
psychometrics
measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits
basic research
aims to increase scientific knowledge base
developmental psych
studies change between body and mind throughout life; womb to tomb
educational psych
studies influences on teaching and learning
personality psych
investigating our persistent traits
social psych
studying how we view and affect one another
applied research
aims to solve practical problems
i/o psych
uses psychology concepts in workplace
human factors psych
i/o; explores how people and machines interact
counseling psych
help ppl cope w/ challenges and crises
clinical psych
assess and treat people w/ disorders
psychiatry
psychologists that are also licensed to prescribe drugs
community psych
studies how people interact w/ their social enviornments
wilhelm wundt
established the first psych labratory; tested perceiving sound
g stanley hall
genetic psychologist
titchener
used introspection to search for the minds structural elements
william james
functionalist, wrote a psych textbook
charles darwin
natural selection, evolution
mary whiton calkins
established one of the first psych laboratories in the country
margaret washburn
first woman to receive a psych phd. animal behavior research
john b watson
little albert; classical conditioning
bf skinner
behavior analysis
sigmund freud
psychoanalysis; childhood, unconcious motives; personality in stages
carl rogers
client-centered therapy
abraham maslow
hierarchy of needs
ivan pavlov
russian psychologist; classical conditioning
jean piaget
swiss biologist; focused on observing children
dorothea dix
advocate for the mentally ill, created first gen of american mental asylums
rene descartes
aruged that body and mind are different; nerve pathway discovery
psychoanalysis
freud; how unconcious drives and conflicts influence behavior
