Unit 1 Lab Flashcards
What is a light microscope
First thing to do when coming in the door?
Clean with cavicide
What are not allowed in the lab?
No food/drinks, no open toed shoes , clean with cavicide before and after lab, dispose as instructed, have instructor inspect before leaving
What are the 7 universal precaution for body fluids
- Wear gloves 2. Assume Everton is affected 3. Cover cuts 4. Wash hands 5. Clean up 6. Take out garbage 7. Wash clothes
This knob is always used first with the lowest objective
Coarse knob
This focus knob is used with higher objective
Fine focus knob
What is used to clean microscope
Lense paper
Define a solvent
A liquid added to a solution
Define molarity
A concentration of amount of moles
Define amniotic fluid
Fluid that surrounds a fetus
Define a electrolyte
Atoms of molecule with a electric charge
Define pleural fluid
Fluid between lungs
Define Plasma
Fluid in Red blood cells
Define electron
Has a negative charge
What is the movement of water through a membrane called
Osmosis
What is the passive movement of solutes called
Diffusion
What type of cells make up the bilateral of these molecules
Phospholipid
Whats it called for certain solutes to pass through a membrane
Semi-permeable membrane
How much does a mole contain in atoms or molecule
Mole = 6.022 x 10^ 23
Where is high concentration for inside of a cell?
Potassium
Higher concentration outside of cell?
Sodium, chloride, calcium
Define faculties diffusion
The channels open for an ion and there is a concentration gradient . Ion move through the channel by that procress
How much water makes up the body?
60-66%
What does the prefix hypo mean
Above
What does the term natremia mean
Sodium, salt
Which organ is responsible for regulating water and sodium in blood
Kidneys
What is the technical term for swelling caused by the accumulation of fluid
Edema
What specific type of brain cell is primarily affected to hyponatremia
CSF , brain cells, brain stem & heria toon
Addition of water to body fluids will increase or decrease concentration of ions in the fluid compartments
Increase
Will drinking large volumes of fluid dilute or concentrate body fluid
Concentrate
What is the safe amount of water to be consumed each hour
800-1,000 per hour
How many cups per hour
3.38-4.23 cups per hour
What is axis is the dependent variable
Y axis
What axis is the inderpendent variable
X axis
Which variable is measured by the experimenter
Dependent
What type of protein moves certain substance from one side of the cell membrane to the other
Membrane transporter
What proteins turn genes off or on?
Regulatory proteins
What type of protein is secreted by one cell and binding to another. Served an important role in cell- to-cell communication
Signal molecules
What type of protein bind to signal molecules and begin the process that leads to a cellular response
Receptor molecules
What type of protein specifically attached a ligand and moves it from it from one location in the body to another
Binding proteins
What type of protein speeds up rate of chemical reactions
Enzymes
What was the substrate in the lab?
Startch
What was the enzyme in the lab
Amylase
What were the product in the lab
Maltose & maltoriose
What are modulators that decrease the activity of a protein are generally attached
Inhibitors
What are modulators that increase the activity of a protein called
Activators
Define solvent
Something that’s is being dissolved in it (water during water & salt )
Solute
The substance being dissolved (like salt when added to water)
What temperature was the highest for enzyme to work
30-40°
enzyme works best at what pH
7
Define ligands
When proteins bind to some sort of stuff to do their work. Involve ions or molecules
Define binding sites
Proteins have specific binding site also called active sites on their surface to physically interact with their ligands
Define substrate
When ligands that bind to and acted upon a enzyme or membrane transporter
What did color meant negative control
Startch was absent , orange
What color is Startch present
Black / blueb
Examples of extra cellular fluid
Plasma and interstitial fluid
What type of bonds can partially or completely unbind in water
Ionic
What bond do not break in water
Covalent. Need high heat or enzymes
What are some non polar solutes
Steroid hormones, fatty acids and no polar gases like 02, c02, NO
What small polar molecule has no net charge?
Water
What are some polar or charges solutes
Proteins, carbohydrates and ions such as chloride, potassium, sodium hydrogen
What are channels
Membrane transporter proteins that open on demand to allow specific ions to move in or out by proces of facilitated diffusion
Define facilitated diffusion
Passive Movment of molecules based on a concentration gradient
How much are % in assignment and exams
Unit exam :70
Lab :20%
Homework :5 each
