U4 AOS2 Promoting global health (1)

Question 1

List the WHO priorities

Answer 1

Achieving universal health coverage, addressing health emergencies, and promoting healthier population.

Question 2

How will the work of the WHO aim to address and achieve universal health coverage

Answer 2

Service access and quality of medicines, vaccines, and health products – WHO will ensure countries have appropriate access to affordable and quality medicines vaccines and health products as the main cause of financial hardship is the expense of essential medicines.

Advocacy for human rights such as global awareness of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and for investments in health systems.

Question 3

How will the work of the WHO aim to address health emergencies

Answer 3

Building and sustaining resilient national, regional, and global capacities required to keep the world safe from epidemics and other health emergencies

Increasing health emergency detection through early warning and emergency preparedness schemes and response by implementing International Health Regulations (IHR).

Question 4

How will the work of the WHO aim to achieve promoting healthier populations

Answer 4

Tackling antimicrobial resistance – By working with countries to support their elimination efforts for preventable, treatable, communicable diseases and infections such as viral hepatitis, neglected tropical disease such as dengue.

Question 5

Outline the two components of universal health coverage

Answer 5

Access to health services: access to the services needed to achieve good health including health promotion, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.

Financial protection: financial protection that prevents ill-health from leading to poverty which works to address health inequities.

Question 6

List some examples of the type of aid the Australian government contributes to providing

Answer 6

Emergency, bilateral, and expert aid as well as non- government organizations, and funding international multilateral aid programs.

Question 7

Who does Australian provide aid to?

Answer 7

The Indo-pacific of pacific regions in countries such as Indonesia, Papua New Guinea South and East Asia, South and West Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 8

List three features of Australia’s aid program

Answer 8

Strengthening economic growth and poverty reduction, strengthening private sector development, and regional stability.

Question 9

Outline the purpose of Australia’s aid program

Answer 9

To promote Australia’s national interest by contributing to sustainable economic grown and poverty reduction. Focuses on promoting prosperity, reducing poverty, and enhancing stability.

Question 10

Outline an example of Australia’s aid program at work

Answer 10

Allowing more women in Fiji to run businesses of ecologically sustainable handicrafts through the Women’s Fund Fiji. With their products being sold in international markets the profit is helping their families in their villages sustaining a steady source of income for its artisans. Thus, its success has caused women to diversify in oyster mushroom farming with women feeling ‘confident to lead other women and also speak out [as they] are doing work that men do’.

Question 11

Which aid priority area is addressed in Australia’s aid program at work?

Answer 11

Gender equality and empowering women and girls

Question 12

The programs or work of World Vision include…

Answer 12

Emergency relief, advocacy and collaboration, and long-term development projects.

Question 13

World Vision projects have an emphasis on…

Answer 13

The needs of children, long-term viability and sustainability, and HIV and AIDS education and prevention.

Question 14

World Vision is funded by…

Answer 14

The Australian government, child sponsorship, or fundraising such as the 40-Hour Famine.

Question 15

List the elements used to evaluate the effectives of a program

Answer 15

Ownership, partnerships, results focused, transparency and accountability.

Question 16

Ownership

Answer 16

Effectiveness is rooted in involving local people who are most in need by respecting their values, culture, customs, and rights which will make a program more likely to be accepted by the local people increasing involvement resulting in the programs success. Understands and meets a real need in the community providing significant improvements in a culturally appropriate, culturally friendly way, delivered in the local language that is accessible for everyone.

Question 17

Partnerships

Answer 17

Partnerships provide strengths in a program by incorporating more than one stakeholder such as non-government organizations (NGO’s) or multilateral or bilateral aid partnerships. Openness, trust, and mutual respect are at the core of effective partnerships with each partner needing to recognize and value the contribution of the others.

Question 18

Results focused

Answer 18

Focused on achieving a specific set of goals or aims that offer long-term sustainable solutions which seek to eradicate poverty and reducing inequalities. Through measuring the success of the program and its attained results, it can be seen how effective it is in meeting its goals or aims.

Question 19

Transparency and accountability

Answer 19

Ensures all key stakeholders are working together for a common goal in a way that is easy for everyone to see what actions are occurring. It is important for people to be able to trust the aid that is being delivered and the people delivering it which decreases the likelihood of people being taken advantage of, including financial accountability with all the money resource being used for the program alone. Through all the beneficiaries of the aid and the local community receiving it sharing a common goal and purpose, parties are able to hold each other accountable making a program more effective.

Question 20

Describe 3 examples of social change

Answer 20

Individuals can volunteer their time to assist in raising funds or be part of a volunteer program designed to improve the lives of others and their communities;

Using purchasing power to buy products that support actions to promote social groups, where the profits can be used to bring about social change;

Lobbying or putting pressure on governments or decisions makers by organising a group of people to write letters to newspapers or send emails to politicians;

Question 21

Explain the role of non-government organizations

Answer 21

They provide resources and support through programs and create sustainable long-term programs to help communities beyond providing emergency aid during a crisis.

Question 22

Aid

Answer 22

Assistance given to countries or communities in the event of a crisis or for the development of long-term sustainable improvements.

Question 23

Aid priority areas

Answer 23

Areas that reflect the six aid priorities, all of which are working towards the achievement of private sector development and human development, reducing poverty through economic growth.

Question 24

Achieving universal health coverage

Answer 24

A public health idea that means receiving the health services you need, when and where you need them, without facing financial hardship.

Question 25

Addressing health emergencies

Answer 25

Due to the threat of health emergencies such as epidemics, conflict, or environmental disasters being worldwide, the WHO ensures that the capacity for quick and effective response is available to allow for the impact of health emergencies on health to be reduced. Effective response protocols can include working alongside locals to increase understanding f new and emerging diseases, information-sharing, rapid response to avoid illness or large-scale economic losses to ensure people are globally prepared.

Question 26

Expert aid

Answer 26

A type of aid the Australian government contributes to that uses Australian companies and individual experts to develop projects that will address the Australian government’s aid priorities.

Question 27

Human development

Answer 27

A comparison tool introduced by the UN that measured human progress and development through combining the data of four indicators, which reflect three different dimensions of Human Development. The dimension of ‘a long and healthy life’ is measured by life expectancy of birth. The dimension of ‘knowledge’ is measured by both mean and expected years of schooling, and the dimension ‘a decent standard of living’ is measured by Gross National Income per capita to produce ranked index number between 0 and 1. The closer to 1, the higher their level of human development is considered to be.

Question 28

Non-government organizations (NGO’s)

Answer 28

Non-for-profit groups that are organized on local, national, or international levels and take different approaches to aid such as through emergency aid, volunteering, or health and development, often focused on communities, and aim to improve conditions and provide opportunities and choice.

Question 29

Partnerships

Answer 29

Australia’s involvement or work with a wide range of groups to create an effective aid program that is reflective of the quality of partnerships bilaterally, regionally, and multilaterally.

Question 30

Promoting healthier populations

Answer 30

The WHO’s contribution to make sure that people enjoy better health and wellbeing through developing interventions and work with organizations to implement programs that focus on early childhood and adolescent health and development.

Question 31

Social action

Answer 31

Social action refers to intentional efforts taken by individuals or groups to address social issues, promote positive change, and improve the well-being of communities or society as a whole.

Question 32

Tabitha foundation

Answer 32

A sustainable non-government organisation (NGO) developed in 1994 that provides high-impact community develop programs with a mission of enabling the poorest of the poor in Cambodia to recognize and develop inherent skills and resources in a way that brings dignity and respect measurable through visible improvement in lifestyle. Additionally with a vision to develop processes which enable people to actively make their own choices and processes alleviating poverty.

Question 33

World health organisation (WHO)

Answer 33

Established in 1948, an organization that is the United Nations (UN) agency for promoting good health for all that is working with more than 150 countries with a goal to build a better healthier future for all people all over the world.

Question 34

World Vision

Answer 34

A non-governmental (NGO) humanitarian development agencies that provides short-and-long term assistance to millions of people worldwide including children, families, and communities to overcome poverty and injustice through relief, development, policy advocacy, change, collaboration, and education about poverty. It has an emphasis on personal growth with an aim of enabling communities to become self-reliant through initiatives such as health improvements, or agricultural development whilst receiving funding from the Australian government to support its aid programs.

Question 35

List 2 Tabitha foundation programs

Answer 35

House building, and the water source program;

Question 36

Justify the importance of think sustainably and don’t waste (thinking sustainably)

Answer 36

High-income countries can be extremely wasteful with resources such as food, energy use and water. The Earth has a finite supply of many resources and it is important to use only what is needed to promote sustainable futures for generations to come. For example, turning off your lights, to be mindful of your impact on the earth.