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Pediatrics > U-World 3 > Flashcards

U-World 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Excessive milk consumption does what to poo? preferred treatment?

A

Constipates

Preferred treatment is oral laxatives

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2
Q

why is prematurity a risk for intraventricular hemorrhage

A

Capillary fragility of the subependymal germinal matrix and immature auto regulation of cerebral blood flow
maternal steroids help prevent

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3
Q

Electrolytes in anorexia

A

Hypokalemia, hypophospahtemia

Also bradycardia

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4
Q

Step if FB aspiration seen

A

Flexible endoscopy

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5
Q

Most common predisposing factor for acute viral sinusitis

A

Viral URI

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6
Q

HUS triad

A

Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure

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7
Q

Sinusitis Ab of choise

A

Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

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8
Q

Two things needed for acute otitis media

A

Middle ear effusion plus acute eardrum inflammation

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9
Q

Painless hematuria in SS trait kid

A

Renal papillary necrosis

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10
Q

Protein of breast milk

A

70% whey
30% casein
(whey more easily digested than casein and improves gastric emptying *

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11
Q

Breast milk vs formula in regards to calcium

A

Breast milk has less Ca and PO4 than formula but it is absorbed better

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12
Q

Neuroblastoma CT

A

Calcifications and hemorrhages on kidney

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13
Q

Tourrettes patients at risk to develop

A

ADHD or OCD

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14
Q

Treatment for metatarsus adductus

A

Reassurance, 95% resolve on their own

10% also have acetabular dysplasia so examine the hip carefully

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15
Q

What is a hydrocele

A

Fluid collection within the tunica vaginalis - in kids most resolve by one year of age
(if not gone by then remove b/c risk of inguinal hernia)

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16
Q

Bacterial meningitis in a kid ppx

A

Vanc and 3rd gen cif

LP then Ab when suspected

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17
Q

Virilization from granulosa cell tumor different how

A

Inc estrogen, not from excess androgens like other causes of virilization

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18
Q

ADHD triad

A

inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity

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19
Q

How should premie kids by vaccinated? except?

A

By chronological age (not gestational age)

Except kid should be >2 kg before first hep B vaccine

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20
Q

HCM Ekg

A

LVH (tall R wave in aVL)

Depolarization changes in anterolateral leads (V4-V6)

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21
Q

3 most common symptoms of neonatal sepsis

A

Temp instability
Poor feeding
Irritability or lethargy

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22
Q

Laryngomalacia features

A

Stridor most severe in 4-8 months that worsens in supine position

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23
Q

Vascular ring features

A

Persistent stridor that improves with neck extension (presents before 1 year old)
50% also have cardiac abnormalities

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24
Q

What causes laryngomalacia

A

Increased laxity of the supraglottic structures that results in collapse during inspiratory phase

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25
Q

What improves stridor caused by a vascular ring

A

Neck extension

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26
Q

SEM findings of alports

A

Alternating areas of thinned and thickened capillary loops with splitting of the glomerular basement membrane

27
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot murmer

A

crescendo-decrescendo and left sternal border and single S2

28
Q

VCUG vs renal US for UTI workup

A

VSUG for neonates

RUS for children under 2 but above 28 days

29
Q

What is WAGR

A

Wilms tumor
Aniridia
GU anomalites
mental Retardation

30
Q

Where does films tumor go

A

chest

31
Q

Stain for all

A

TdT (expressed only by pre B and pre T lymphocytes)

32
Q

When to take out a swallowed battery vs watch

A

take out when its in the esophagus

33
Q

Most common cause of hip pain in children? tx?

A

Transient synovitis

Tx is rest and NSAIDs

34
Q

Suspected GAS in kids vs adults

A

Should also test for first in kids via rapid test or antigen

35
Q

Friedreich ataxia combo

A

Neurologic (ataxia, dysarthria), skeletal (scoliosis and feet deformities) cardiac (concentric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

36
Q

Complete AV septal defect features

A

Loud S2 due to pulmonary hypertension

2. systolic ejection murmur from increased flow across pulmonary valve

37
Q

Other name for Osgood-Schlatter? How to reproduce pain?

A

Traction apophysitis

Reproduce pain by extending the knee against resistance`

38
Q

Incidence of cyclical vomiting syndrome highest in children who’s parent’s have a history of

A

Migraine headaches

39
Q

Dx for PKU

A

Quantitative amino acid analysis for kids

Tandem mass spectrometry for babies

40
Q

A, D, E, and K def

A

A: Night blindness
D: Fractures
E: Neuropathy
K: Easy bruising

41
Q

Celiac dz association with

A

Type 1 DM

42
Q

Marfan’s mutation

A

Fibrillin 1

43
Q

Normal RDW with microcytic anemia

A

Thalassemia

44
Q

Weird measles tx

A

Vitamin A

45
Q

Every case of ldaukocoria is considered what until proven otherwise

A

Retinoblastoma

46
Q

What is spondylolisthesis

A

developmental disorder characterized by forward slip of the vertebrae (usually L5 over S1)
palpable step off

47
Q

Other disease that can have Marfanoid habitus? What else does it have?

A

Homocystinuria

Also has ID and thrombosis

48
Q

3 big things in homocytsinuria

A 
Fair hair and eyes
Developmental delay
Hyper coagulability (Think for young white kids with CVA)
49
Q

Farbry disease def and characteristics

A

alpha galactosidase def

Angiokeratomas, peripheral neuropathy, and asymptomatic corneal dystrophy

50
Q

Krabbe disease mutations

A

Galactocerebrosidase def

ID, blindness and deafness, paralysis, neuropathy, and seizures

51
Q

3 things in Potter sequence

A

Pulmonary hypoplasia
Flat facies
Limb deformities

52
Q

MCC of congenital hypothyroidism

A

Thyroid dysgenesis

53
Q

What causes neonatal Graves disease

A

Transplacental passage of TSH-receptor antibodies

54
Q

What frequent follows umbilical stump infection? presentation?

A

Neonatal tetanus

Presents with poor suckling and fatigue, rigidity, spasms

55
Q

Earlier manifestation of faso-occlusion in SS

A

Hand foot syndrome or dactylitis

56
Q

Murmer of coarctation of aorta later in life

A

mild and continuous due to development of collaterals

57
Q

Repeated images of killing a loved one could be? tx?

A

OCD

Tx: high dose SSRI and CBT

58
Q

Rare subset of children with acute onset of OCD have had

A

Recent GAS infection (PANDAS)

59
Q

When does duodenal atresia present

A

Bilious vomiting within the first 2 days of life

60
Q

Why are cultures from intact bullae in SSS usually sterile

A

Toxin-mediated process

61
Q

RDW values > 20% highly suggestive of

A

Iron def anemia

62
Q

What virus gets rash when given Penicllin

A

EBV

63
Q

Non-bullous impetigo treatment

A

Topical mupirocin

64
Q

Lyme disease treatment under 8**

A

Oral amoxicillin*

Pediatrics (14 decks)

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