U-World 3 Flashcards
Excessive milk consumption does what to poo? preferred treatment?
Constipates
Preferred treatment is oral laxatives
why is prematurity a risk for intraventricular hemorrhage
Capillary fragility of the subependymal germinal matrix and immature auto regulation of cerebral blood flow
maternal steroids help prevent
Electrolytes in anorexia
Hypokalemia, hypophospahtemia
Also bradycardia
Step if FB aspiration seen
Flexible endoscopy
Most common predisposing factor for acute viral sinusitis
Viral URI
HUS triad
Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure
Sinusitis Ab of choise
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
Two things needed for acute otitis media
Middle ear effusion plus acute eardrum inflammation
Painless hematuria in SS trait kid
Renal papillary necrosis
Protein of breast milk
70% whey
30% casein
(whey more easily digested than casein and improves gastric emptying *
Breast milk vs formula in regards to calcium
Breast milk has less Ca and PO4 than formula but it is absorbed better
Neuroblastoma CT
Calcifications and hemorrhages on kidney
Tourrettes patients at risk to develop
ADHD or OCD
Treatment for metatarsus adductus
Reassurance, 95% resolve on their own
10% also have acetabular dysplasia so examine the hip carefully
What is a hydrocele
Fluid collection within the tunica vaginalis - in kids most resolve by one year of age
(if not gone by then remove b/c risk of inguinal hernia)
Bacterial meningitis in a kid ppx
Vanc and 3rd gen cif
LP then Ab when suspected
Virilization from granulosa cell tumor different how
Inc estrogen, not from excess androgens like other causes of virilization
ADHD triad
inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity
How should premie kids by vaccinated? except?
By chronological age (not gestational age)
Except kid should be >2 kg before first hep B vaccine
HCM Ekg
LVH (tall R wave in aVL)
Depolarization changes in anterolateral leads (V4-V6)
3 most common symptoms of neonatal sepsis
Temp instability
Poor feeding
Irritability or lethargy
Laryngomalacia features
Stridor most severe in 4-8 months that worsens in supine position
Vascular ring features
Persistent stridor that improves with neck extension (presents before 1 year old)
50% also have cardiac abnormalities
What causes laryngomalacia
Increased laxity of the supraglottic structures that results in collapse during inspiratory phase
What improves stridor caused by a vascular ring
Neck extension
SEM findings of alports
Alternating areas of thinned and thickened capillary loops with splitting of the glomerular basement membrane
Tetralogy of Fallot murmer
crescendo-decrescendo and left sternal border and single S2
VCUG vs renal US for UTI workup
VSUG for neonates
RUS for children under 2 but above 28 days
What is WAGR
Wilms tumor
Aniridia
GU anomalites
mental Retardation
Where does films tumor go
chest
Stain for all
TdT (expressed only by pre B and pre T lymphocytes)
When to take out a swallowed battery vs watch
take out when its in the esophagus
Most common cause of hip pain in children? tx?
Transient synovitis
Tx is rest and NSAIDs
Suspected GAS in kids vs adults
Should also test for first in kids via rapid test or antigen
Friedreich ataxia combo
Neurologic (ataxia, dysarthria), skeletal (scoliosis and feet deformities) cardiac (concentric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
Complete AV septal defect features
Loud S2 due to pulmonary hypertension
2. systolic ejection murmur from increased flow across pulmonary valve
Other name for Osgood-Schlatter? How to reproduce pain?
Traction apophysitis
Reproduce pain by extending the knee against resistance`
Incidence of cyclical vomiting syndrome highest in children who’s parent’s have a history of
Migraine headaches
Dx for PKU
Quantitative amino acid analysis for kids
Tandem mass spectrometry for babies
A, D, E, and K def
A: Night blindness
D: Fractures
E: Neuropathy
K: Easy bruising
Celiac dz association with
Type 1 DM
Marfan’s mutation
Fibrillin 1
Normal RDW with microcytic anemia
Thalassemia
Weird measles tx
Vitamin A
Every case of ldaukocoria is considered what until proven otherwise
Retinoblastoma
What is spondylolisthesis
developmental disorder characterized by forward slip of the vertebrae (usually L5 over S1)
palpable step off
Other disease that can have Marfanoid habitus? What else does it have?
Homocystinuria
Also has ID and thrombosis
3 big things in homocytsinuria
Fair hair and eyes Developmental delay Hyper coagulability (Think for young white kids with CVA)
Farbry disease def and characteristics
alpha galactosidase def
Angiokeratomas, peripheral neuropathy, and asymptomatic corneal dystrophy
Krabbe disease mutations
Galactocerebrosidase def
ID, blindness and deafness, paralysis, neuropathy, and seizures
3 things in Potter sequence
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Flat facies
Limb deformities
MCC of congenital hypothyroidism
Thyroid dysgenesis
What causes neonatal Graves disease
Transplacental passage of TSH-receptor antibodies
What frequent follows umbilical stump infection? presentation?
Neonatal tetanus
Presents with poor suckling and fatigue, rigidity, spasms
Earlier manifestation of faso-occlusion in SS
Hand foot syndrome or dactylitis
Murmer of coarctation of aorta later in life
mild and continuous due to development of collaterals
Repeated images of killing a loved one could be? tx?
OCD
Tx: high dose SSRI and CBT
Rare subset of children with acute onset of OCD have had
Recent GAS infection (PANDAS)
When does duodenal atresia present
Bilious vomiting within the first 2 days of life
Why are cultures from intact bullae in SSS usually sterile
Toxin-mediated process
RDW values > 20% highly suggestive of
Iron def anemia
What virus gets rash when given Penicllin
EBV
Non-bullous impetigo treatment
Topical mupirocin
Lyme disease treatment under 8**
Oral amoxicillin*
