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Pediatrics > Pre-Test 1 > Flashcards

Pre-Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

MCC of Bell’s palsy

A

reactivation of herpes simplex or varicella virus

autoimmune demyleinization

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2
Q

When should an infants eyes be able to cross a vertical plane

A

3 months old

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3
Q

When can children dress themselves

A

5 years old

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4
Q

How old to copy a cross

A

4 years

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5
Q

All kids with Juvenile RA should have what routinely

A

Slit eye exams to watch out for uveitis

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6
Q

Two types of encopresis seen in kids

A

Retentive (chronic constipation) and nonrentive (without constipation)

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7
Q

Bowlegs common finding at what age

A

Younger than 2 years

aka genu varum

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8
Q

What is blount disease

A

Idiopathic tibia vara (bowlegs that don’t go away)

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9
Q

Pallid breath holding spells are usually caused by

A

Painful experience, such as a fall

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10
Q

DM diagnosis criteria

A
  1. Fasting >126
  2. 2 hour OGTT > 200
  3. or symptoms + random plasma glucose > 200
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11
Q

Cyanide antidote

A

Hydrocobalmin

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12
Q

Infants scabies seen where that is spared in adults

A

Palms, soles, face, and head

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13
Q

Common orbital cellulitis bugs

A

MRSA, Strep, H flu

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14
Q

Unique contra to tdap

A

Encephalopathy within 7 days of administration of the previous dose

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15
Q

Meningitis that can last a long time

A

TB

seen b/w 6 months and 4 years of life

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16
Q

LAD diagnosis

A

Measuring surface CD11b using flow cytometry

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17
Q

3 bites Ab prophylaxis used for

A

Cats, human, and monkeys

Think pastueralla with cat bites

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18
Q

2 drugs for clonidine tox

A

Naloxone and atropine

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19
Q

Clonidine tox featurs

A

Miosis, hypotension, and bradycardia within an hour of ingestion

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20
Q

What is erythema toxicum

A

2-3 cm erythematous macules seen in newborns with central yellow white pustules
will have eosinophils

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21
Q

What are salmon patches

A

Flat vascular lesions that are more prominent during crying

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22
Q

Scaly yellow hairless rash on kids head

A

Sebaceous nevi

Cradle cap will have hair and be flaky

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23
Q

What is frostnip

A

Firm, cold white patches of skin in cold exposed areas

Tx is with warming before they become numb

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24
Q

What are Chilblains

A

Small, ulcerated lesions on exposed areas such as ears and fingers

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25
Q

*Riboflavin def

A

Chelosis, glossitis, ocular problems, serbhorreic derm

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26
Q

Meds that can cause poor riboflavin absorption

A

Probenecid, phenothiazine, OCPs

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27
Q

B6 (pyridoxine) def

A

Perps, seizures, dermatitis, microcytic anemia

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28
Q

Folate def

A

Megaloblastic anemia, pharyngeal ulcers, dec immunity, glossitis

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29
Q

2 def that can cause glossitis

A

Riboflavin and folate

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30
Q

Trisomy 13 features

A

Seizures, CLEFT LIP AND PALATE, micropthalmia, congenital heart disease

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31
Q

2 things osteomyelitis presents with

A

Focal bone tenderness and fever

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32
Q

How does N-acetylcysteine stop acetaminophen tox

A

Acts as glutathione substitute by binding directly to N-acetyl,…

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33
Q

Why sodium bicarb for aspirin tox

A

Enhances urinary excretion

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34
Q

Phenothiazine OD drug to fix

A

Diphenhydramine

35
Q

Giardia tx

A

Tinidazole or Metronidazole

36
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum symptoms and tx

A 
Megaloblastic anemia (worm uses all the B12), glossitis
Praziquantel is tx
37
Q

Congenital rubella features

A

Deafness, cataracts, MR, heart defects

38
Q

Chronic seborrheic dermatitis and failure can be associated with

A

Langerhan’s cell histiocytosis

39
Q

Lupus in mom can cause what heart defect in kids

A

Congenital heart block

40
Q

Children on phenytoin should get what supplement

A

Folate

41
Q

Order what in a kid with severe eczema and unusual infections

A

Platelet count - think WAS

42
Q

Candida dermal test for

A

T cell activity - kids without any won’t have reaction

43
Q

Cardiac defect of FAS

A

Septal defects

44
Q

Sulfisoxale effect of bilirubin

A

Competes with binding sites on albumin, decreasing levels

45
Q

When to give Varicella IG to babies

A

If mom gets it 5 days before birth or 2 days after

46
Q

What is persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn

A

In intubated babies, increase in pulmonary artery pressure from shunting across PDA or VSD due to decreased systemic pressure

47
Q

If mom has CMV and later gets pregnant, risk to baby?

A

Mom has antibodies to CMV that are passed to the fetus

48
Q

What is an Apt-Downey test

A

Differentiates maternal from fetal blood

49
Q

Contra in breastfeeding drugs

A

Lithium, Cyclosporin, Illicit drugs, Chemo

50
Q

IDM after 96 hours of life electrolyte trouble

A

Hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia (sugar usually clears by then)

51
Q

First step in tachypneic newborn

A

Be sure to check if its warm enough

52
Q

SGA babies higher risk of

A

Congenital malformations, hypoglycemia, meconium aspiration, other bad stuff

53
Q

Apnea in an otherwise well premature infant

A

Secondary to incompletely developed respiratory center

54
Q

2 formulas for galactosemia babies

A

Soy or casein hydrolysate infant formula

55
Q

Cephalohematoma that crosses the midline

A

Subgaleal hemorrhage (Call ICU)

56
Q

Hyperviscosity syndrome in neonate? Tx?

A

Tremulousness or jitteriness that can progress to seizure activity because blood in the cerebral microcirculation or thrombosis
Tx is exchange transfusion

57
Q

When to intubate baby

A

HR under 100 in a floppy depressed infant

suction as well if meconium

58
Q

Chemical conjunctivitis when

A

6-12 hours after birth and lasts a day (usually from silver nitrate which isn’t really used anymore)

59
Q

HIV elisa not good in newborns cause

A

Maternal Ig can make positive

60
Q

Propranolol effects on baby

A

May cause growth retardation
Also baby can’t increase heart rate when needed
Also hypoglycemia and apnea

61
Q

When does physiologic jaundice become apparent? bili levels?

A

2-3 days of life

Bili levels no higher than 12

62
Q

Bilious vomiting + double bubble on xray

A

Duodenal atresia

63
Q

Midgut volvulus most often presents how

A

3-4 day old with acute onset of bilious vomiting

64
Q

Cleft lip and palate complications

A

Recurrent URIs, hearing loss, speech probs even if closure is complete

65
Q

Congenital syphillis

A

Maculopapular peeling on face, palms, and soles. Rhinitis, hepatosplenomegaly

66
Q

Polydactyly workup

A

Don’t worry in black kids

Cardiac workup in white kids

67
Q

What is Harlequin syndrome

A

Transient change in skil color of otherwise asymptomatic newborn where dependent side turns red while upper side is pale

68
Q

Polyhydramnios caused by

A

Duodenal atresia and TEF

69
Q

Congenital infection w/ cardio malformations

A

Rubella (PDA, Pulmonary artery stenosis, septal defects)

not others

70
Q

3 things neonatal HSV can show

A
  1. Isolated CNS involvement
  2. SEM (isolated cutaneous)
  3. Systemic generalized infection
71
Q

Classic Toxo triad

A

Hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis,, and intracranial calcifications

72
Q

More than half of CMV infected kids develop

A

Sensoneural hearing loss

73
Q

Intracranial calcifications + Hepatosplenomegaly

A

CMV

74
Q

Bronchiolitis XRAY

A

Patchy infiltrates and hyper expansion in both lung fields

75
Q

Galactosemia kids get damage where after getting lactose

A

Brain, liver, and eyes

76
Q

Sturge-Weber

A

Flat capillary vascular malformation in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve (port wine stain)
Can have seizures with

77
Q

Tuberous sclerosis risks later

A

Seizures

78
Q

Wilms associated with what weird things

A

Aniridia, Hemihypertrophy

79
Q

What causes IVH in premies

A

Gelatinous subependymal germinal matrix of grain -> enlarging head circumference, apnea, and bradycardia

80
Q

Hematoma after birth that does not cross suture lines

A

Cephalohematomas

81
Q

What is caput succedaneum

A

Soft tissue swelling of the scalp involving the presenting delivery portion of the head (can cross suture lines - pitting edema)

82
Q

TCA overdose features? tx?

A

Hypertension to Hypotension and widened QRS, tachycardia

Sodium bicard to alkalinize urine

83
Q

Most common finding of rheumatic fever

A

Polyarthritis

Pediatrics (14 decks)

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